Energy of detonation

Despite the many successes in the thermochemical modeling of energetic materials, several significant limitations exist. One such limitation is that real systems do not always obtain chemical equilibrium during the relatively short (nanoseconds-microseconds) time scales of detonation. When this occurs, quantities such as the energy of detonation and the detonation velocity are commonly predicted to be 10-20% higher than experiment by a thermochemical calculation. 

Donna Price (Ref 10) tabulated the underwater performance data, as well as the estimated energies of deton for various expls... 

Very iittie effect is produced by expiosives having rates of detonation iess than 5,000 meters per second. The iiner focuses the energy of detonation, thus enabling penetration of very thick and very hard targets such as armor. 

In the copper and lead cylinder compression tests the cylinders are compressed 3.5 and 16 millimeters, respectively. The depth of the dent in the plate dent test is about 0.205 millimeters. The energy of detonation at 1.65 grams per cubic centimeter is 1,265 calories per gram or 4.10 joules per gram. At 1.62 and 1.64 grams per cubic centimeter 684 and 690 liters of gas are evolved, respectively. Fragmentation effects of pressed and cast TNT charges are shown in table 8-59. 

The Zeldovich model [31] for assessing the critical energy of detonation by direct initiation is based on an assumption that shock wave motion is determined by the total sum of the initiator energy and the chemical energy of gases reacted at the completion of the induction time. As this takes place, the wave intensity and velocity decrease to some minimum value, after that the velocity asymptotically approaches to the Dq- j value corresponding to the C-J point. 

The effect of initial pressure and HAM composition on the critical energy of detonation initiation is plotted in Fig. 7.29, according to data from [18, 19]. 

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