Energy blood oxygenation

The lactic acid that is produced is moved from the muscles through the blood to the liver. There, it is converted back into glucose that can be used in catabolic processes to yield more energy once oxygen becomes available. However, if lactic acid builds up in muscle cells at a faster rate than the blood can remove it, muscle fatigue results. Buildup of lactic acid is what causes a burning pain in the muscle during strenuous exercise. 

Research performed by Charles DiMarzio s students [29] at Northeastern University is on the study of blood oxygenation. For the first application, a fiber optic device has been built to measure blood oxygen in the brain. A NIR beam is shone on the patient s head at one point via a fiber optic probe, and a second probe is used to collect the energy from a second point. This technique is expected to be useful in brain surgery in newborns. The other application for a noninvasive NIR probe is for use in measuring oxygen levels in the skin. This second device would be useful for patients with bums, skin ulcers, and other skin problems. 

There are circumstances, however, where blood flow to the GIT may influence drug absorption. Those compounds absorbed by active or specialized mechanisms require membrane participation in transport, which in turn depends on the expenditure of metabolic energy by intestinal cells. If blood flow and therefore oxygen delivery is reduced, there may be a reduction in... 

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