Encircled energy

If the wavefront aberrations become smaller than 100 nm RMS, the surface gradients have to be analysed and the encircled energy of the light is evaluated. 

The term channel induction furnace is appHed to those in which the energy for the process is produced in a channel of molten metal that forms the secondary circuit of an iron core transformer. The primary circuit consists of a copper cod which also encircles the core. This arrangement is quite similar to that used in a utdity transformer. Metal is heated within the loop by the passage of electric current and circulates to the hearth above to overcome the thermal losses of the furnace and provide power to melt additional metal as it is added. Figure 9 illustrates the simplest configuration of a single-channel induction melting furnace. Multiple inductors are also used for appHcations where additional power is required or increased rehabdity is necessary for continuous operation (11). 

Of course, the distinction between reactive- and bound-state wave functions becomes blurred when one considers very long-lived reactive resonances, of the sort considered in Section IV.B, which contain Feynman paths that loop many times around the CL Such a resonance, which will have a very narrow energy width, will behave almost like a bound-state wave function when mapped onto the double space, since e will be almost equal to Fo - The effect of the GP boundary condition would be therefore simply to shift the energies and permitted nodal structures of the resonances, as in a bound-state function. For short-lived resonances, however, Te and To will differ, since they will describe the different decay dynamics produced by the even and odd n Feynman paths separating them will therefore reveal how this dynamics is changed by the GP. The same is true for resonances which are long lived, but which are trapped in a region of space that does not encircle the Cl, so that the decay dynamics involves just a few Feynman loops around the CL... 

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