Enantiomers of chiral molecules

For example22, separation of enantiomers of chiral molecules (amines, alcohols, amino acids) is possible by using a chiral stationary phase obtained from 10-undecenyl esters of Af-(2-naphthyl)-a-amino acids (4). Amino groups are of fundamental importance in this practical application of the chiral recognition. 

As discussed in detail in Ref. 36, for use in optoelectronics only systems crystallizing in non-centrosymmetric crystal lattices are of interest if the use of expensive enantiomers of chiral molecules is to be avoided. This considerably limits the available crystal lattices since most organic achiral molecules crystallize into centrosymmetric space groups. An interesting example of enantioselective inclusion complexation was reported by Gdaniec and coworkers [37]. 

In 1962 the first implicit prediction appeared of a cross-effect between natural and magnetic optical activity, which discriminates between the two enantiomers of chiral molecules [7]. This was followed independently by a prediction of magnetospatial dispersion in noncentrosymmetrical crystalline materials [8]. This cross-effect has been called magnetochiral anisotropy and has since been predicted independently several times more [9-12]. Its existence can be appreciated by expanding the dielectric tensor of a chiral medium subject to a magnetic field to first order in the wave vector k and magnetic field B [8] ... 

The covalent attachment of optically active groups, such as amino acids, to the polymer backbone of polypyrroles and polythiophenes has provided ICPs which have the ability to discriminate between the enantiomers of chiral molecules and ions [29-31]. 

J. K. Laerdahl, P. Schwerdtfeger, H. M. Quiney, Theoretical Analysis of Parity-Violating Energy Differences between Enantiomers of Chiral Molecules, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 (2000) 3811-3814. 

In the usual organic chemistry of inanimate nature, on the other hand, both mirror-image forms of molecules occur with equal probability. This can be derived from a symmetry of physics [11], which was accepted until the middle of the twentieth century as exact the exact mirror-image symmefty or parity symmetry of space (see below). This symmetry is referred to in the quote from V. Prelog. This would lead to the two enantiomers of chiral molecules, which relate to each... 

---