Emulsifiers surface activity

MAIs may also be formed free radically when all azo sites are identical and have, therefore, the same reactivity. In this case the reaction with monomer A will be interrupted prior to the complete decomposition of all azo groups. So, Dicke and Heitz [49] partially decomposed poly(azoester)s in the presence of acrylamide. The reaction time was adjusted to a 37% decomposition of the azo groups. Surface active MAIs (M, > 10 ) consisting of hydrophobic poly(azoester) and hydrophilic poly(acrylamide) blocks were obtained (see Scheme 22) These were used for emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate—in the polymerization they act simultaneously as emulsifiers (surface activity) and initiators (azo groups). Thus, a ternary block copolymer was synthesized fairly elegantly. 

Lipids are insoluble in water and an interfacial tension therefore exists between the phases when lipids are dispersed (emulsified) in water (or vice versa). This tension in toto is very large, considering the very large interfacial area in a typical emulsion (section 3.7). Owing to the interfacial tension, the oil and water phases would quickly coalesce and separate. However, coalescence (but not creaming) is prevented by the use of emulsifiers (surface active agents) which form a film around each fat globule (or each water... 

Lauridsen, J.B., Food Emulsifiers Surface Activity, Edibility, Manufacture, Composition, and Application, J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 53 400-407 (1976). 

Regarding the type of inorganic electrolyte, there was no marked difference in effectiveness between the monovalent cations, but preliminary experiments using SBR latexes with emulsifiers which, in contrast to oleate, do not form insoluble salts with divalent cations, demonstrated that in this case PEO was less effective. Findings in earlier sensitization experiments were similar (29, 30). As to the type of anionic emulsifier, a slight correlation between emulsifier surface activity and agglomeration rate was observed. 

Surfactants play an important role in the processing of metals. They are used in many treatment steps as emulsifiers, surface-active agents, lubricants, cleaning agents and corrosion inhibitors. 

The microemulsion polymerization and copolymerization of amphiphilic monomers and macromonomers can produce the fine polymer latex in the absence of emulsifier [98-100], The surface active block or graft copolymer stabilizes the latex particles. The chemically bound emulsifier (surface active copolymer) onto the particles surface is known to be much more efficient emulsifier than the emulsifier physically adsorbed onto the particle surface and, therefore, very stable and fine polymer latexes are formed. The similar behavior is expected with the transferred emulsifier radicals. For example, the surface-functionalized nanoparticles in the 12 - 20 nm diameter range can be prepared by a one-step or two-step microemulsion copolymerisation process of styrene (and/or divinylbenzene (DVB)) with the polymerisable macromonomer (Fig. 7) [93, 101]. 

Emulsifiers (surface active agents) assist to stabilize the pH of the dispersion and to decrease its surface tension to obtain improved wettability. The emulsifiers are always oriented on the interface between polymer particles and the aqueous phase. Small amounts must be added to avoid loss in bonding characteristics. 

Uses Detergent, wetting agent, emulsifier, surface-active raw material for general industrial use and in crop protection Properties 100% cone. 

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