Empire colonial development

Any complex code, such as YAQUI, must be calibrated and verified by comparing calculations with the results of realistic field experiments. A series of explosive field tests using ANFO in oil shale has been conducted in the Colony Mine near Rifle, Colorado. These experiments were performed under DOE auspices with the cooperation of Atlantic Richfield, TOSCO, and the Colony Development Corporation. They were conducted for comparison with code calculations and to obtain empirical information about blasting in oil shale. 

SIR models typically are used to model a single population of the host species. However, metapopulation dynamics can be incorporated by linking individual colonies (each with its own SIR model) via prairie dog and flea movement parameters, /ZpD and /Zp. These parameters can themselves be functions of the landscape context surrounding individual colonies. Flea movement rates, in particular, may be enhanced in urban environments because of the increased density of domestic predators. Once the SIR models are developed, numerical simulations can be used to conduct a series of experiments that evaluate the overall risk of human infection given particular combinations of parameter values. Furthermore, by basing parameter estimates on field data, empirically based models can be developed for specific urban areas being investigated. 

No part of the empire smwived without introduced plant and animal species. Some of the species introduced to Britain, one of the more distant colonies of Rome, are listed in Table 5.2. Many species were and continue to be widely cultivated. In addition, archaeological sites of Roman age attest to the importation of exotic crops and commodities. For example, excavations near the Thames in London, which developed into a major trading centre in the Roman Empire, have revealed the presence of... 

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