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Elephants urine analysis

SPDE/GC-MS and Novel Macros for Analysis of Elephant Urine... [Pg.27]

Use of SPDE/GC-MS for Analysis of African Elephant Urine Headspace... [Pg.28]

CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF PREOVULATORY FEMALE AFRICAN ELEPHANT URINE A SEARCH FOR PUTATIVE PHEROMONES... [Pg.128]

Tables 1 and 2 provide one example of GC-MS results from analysis of the same urine sample by ECC/CT and SPME, respectively. Clearly, ECC/CT facilitates the observation of the more volatile organic compounds. Tables 3 and 4 illustrate typical results from automated SPME/GC-MS analysis of a urine sample at physiological pH 8 versus pH 3. It is noteworthy that the compounds listed in Table 4 (pH 3) at retention times of 64.49, 65.40, 65.69, 66.24, 66.49, 67.24, and 67.89 minutes constitute a total of 62.48 area percent of the total products observed, while none of these compounds appear at all in the pH 8 sample. The compound at 64.49 minutes is a known synthetic spirocycle (1) that has not been observed previously as a natural product (Ehrenfreund et al., 1974 Renold et al., 1975 Schulte-Elte, et al., 1978). This is not the first time that we have observed unique natural products in African elephant secretions and excretions (Goodwin et al, 1999, 2002). Tables 1 and 2 provide one example of GC-MS results from analysis of the same urine sample by ECC/CT and SPME, respectively. Clearly, ECC/CT facilitates the observation of the more volatile organic compounds. Tables 3 and 4 illustrate typical results from automated SPME/GC-MS analysis of a urine sample at physiological pH 8 versus pH 3. It is noteworthy that the compounds listed in Table 4 (pH 3) at retention times of 64.49, 65.40, 65.69, 66.24, 66.49, 67.24, and 67.89 minutes constitute a total of 62.48 area percent of the total products observed, while none of these compounds appear at all in the pH 8 sample. The compound at 64.49 minutes is a known synthetic spirocycle (1) that has not been observed previously as a natural product (Ehrenfreund et al., 1974 Renold et al., 1975 Schulte-Elte, et al., 1978). This is not the first time that we have observed unique natural products in African elephant secretions and excretions (Goodwin et al, 1999, 2002).
See other pages where Elephants urine analysis is mentioned: [Pg.8]    [Pg.28]    [Pg.34]    [Pg.640]    [Pg.160]    [Pg.142]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.128 , Pg.129 , Pg.130 , Pg.131 , Pg.132 , Pg.133 , Pg.134 , Pg.135 , Pg.136 ]



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