High-field strength element

Incompatible elements (rare-earth elements, large-ion lithophile elements, high-field-strength-elements)... 

Dalpe C. and Baker D. R. (2000) Experimental investigation of large-ion hthophile-element, high-field-strength-element, and rare-earth-element partitioning between calcic amphibole and basaltic melt the effects of pressure and oxygen fugacity. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 140, 233-250. 

Forsythe LM, Nielsen RL, Fisk MR (1994) High-field-strength element partitioning between pyroxene and basaltic to dacitic magmas. Chem Geol 117 107-125... 

In summary, a key aspect to the utility of U-series isotopes in the study of arc lavas is that whereas Th and Pa are observed and predicted to behave as relatively immobile high field strength elements (HFSE), Ra and (under oxidizing conditions) U behave like large ion lithophile elements (LILE) and are significantly mobilized in aqueous fluids. Fluid-wedge interaction will only serve to increase these fractionations. Just how robust the experimental partition coefficients are remains to be established by future experiments. 

Brenan JM, Shaw HF, Phinney DL, Ryerson FJ, (1994) Rutile-aqueous fluid partitioning of Nb, Ta, Hf, Zr, U and Th implications for high field strength element depletions in island-arc basalts. Earth Planet Sci Lett 128 327-339... 

Woodhead J, Eggins S, Gamble J (1993) High field strength and transition element systematics in island arc and back-arc basin basalts evidence for multi-phase melt extraction and a depleted mantle wedge. Earth Planet Sci Lett 114 491-504... 

Figure 23 High field strength element (HFSE) variations in mantle xenolith minerals. Primitive mantle values plotted are from McDonough and Sun (1995). Dashed lines extend from PM values at constant ratios, e.g., at Nb/Ta = 17.6, Zr/Hf = 37. Solid lines are constant elemental ratios (1-100 labeled) (sources Moore et ah, 1992 Witt-Eickschen and Harte, 1994 Vannucci etal, 1995 Ionov and Hoffman, 1995 Johnson et a/., 1996 Chazot era/., 1996 Vaselli et al., 1996 Ionov et ah, 1997 Shimizu et al, 1997 Norman, 1998 Glaser et ah, 1999 Pearson and Nowell, 2002 Gregoire et al., 2002 Kalfoun et al., 2002 Table 9).

Horn L, Foley S. F., Jackson S. E., and Jenner G. A. (1994) Experimentally determined partitioning of high field strength and selected transition elements between spinel and basaltic melt. Chem. Geol. 117, 193-218. 

Jacob D. E. and Foley S. F. (1999) Evidence for Archean ocean crust with low high field strength element signature from diamondiferous eclogite xenoliths. Lithos 48, 317-336. 

White J. C. (2003) Trace element partitioning between alkali feldspar and peraUcalic quartz trachyte to rhyolite magma Part 11. Empirical equations for calculating trace element partition coefficients of large-ion lithophile, high field strength and rare-earth elements. Am. Mineral. 88, 330-337. 

Figure 3 Comparison of different models for the trace-element composition of the upper-continental crust. All values normalized to the new composition provided in Table 3. Gray shaded field represents 20% variation from this value for all panels except (f), in which gray field represents a factor of two variation. Trace elements are divided into the following groups (a) transition metals, (b) high-field strength elements, (c) alkali, alkaline-earth elements, (d) REEs, (e) actinides and heavy metals, and (f) highly siderophile and chalcophile elements (note log scale). Data from Tables 1 and 2 lanthanum estimate from Eade and Fahrig (1973) is omitted from panel D.

Other insoluble elements include the high-field strength elements (HFSEs—titanium, zirconium. 

Puffer J. H. (2001) Contrasting high field strength element contents of continental flood basalts from plume versus reactivated-arc sources. Geology 29, 675-678. 

Heaman L. M., Creaser R. A., and Cookenboo H. O. (2002) Extreme enrichment of high field strength elements in Jericho eclogite xenoliths a cryptic record of Paleoproterozoic subduction, partial melting, and metasomatism beneath the Slave craton, Canada. Geology 30, 507 -510. 

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