Elementary processes occurring matter

Phenol-water clusters are good models for the investigation of the photoinduced elementary processes occurring in living matter. Intracluster hydrogen transfer processes in phenol-water (Ph-W) complexes have extensively been studied in recent years, see refs [11-14] for reviews. Phenol-ammonia (Ph-A) clusters also have served as easily accessible and versatile models of intracluster hydrogen transfer dynamics [14,16]. It has been inferred by several authors that intracluster proton transfer occurs more readily in Ph-A clusters than in Ph-W clusters, but it has been a matter of debate whether the hydrogen or proton transfer occurs in the S excited state, or in the cluster cation, or in both [12,14],... 

The equilibrium model does not have this problem. If the process occurs on passage through a black hole all matter is first reduced to an elementary state (analysis) before conversion into its conjugate state on time reversal... 

THE NEUTRINO is an electrically neutral elementary particle that has the unique capability of penetrating matter on the scale of stellar dimensions and densities. Neutrinos are produced abundantly in nuclear processes (including beta-decay) in the interior of stars and planets and by a variety of processes in the cosmos. The study of neutrino radiation from stars is a direct means of observing the energy production mechanism occurring in their interiors. In addition, intermediate mass stars at the end of their nuclear life, i.e., after exhausting their nuclear fuel, suffer a catastrophic collapse (supernovae) and emit an intense burst of... 

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