Electrostriction calculated

This deaease in compressibility with inaease in pressure explains the overlarge deaease in volume (44%) due to electrostriction calculated earlier, assuming fi to be independent of pressure. It also supports Passynski s approximation Off)hyd sheii =... 

The preceding calculations can also be performed for finite cavity sizes. For this case, there are some additional sources of small amounts of energy associated with cavity formation arising from surface tension, pressure-volume work, and electrostriction. Because of the Franck-Condon principle these do not affect the transition energy, but they have some influence on the heat of solvation. Jortner s (1964) results are summarized as follows ... 

For the denaturation of / -Lg in 40% 2-chloroethanol, the presently reported partial specific volume measurements result in a AV value of —590 ml/mole. This value is very close to that previously reported for the denaturation of this protein by 6.4M urea, —610 ml/mole (27). Although this similarity of AV values is striking, it might be the result of a fortuitous compensation of various effects. The change in volume calculated from the difference in partial specific volumes is the sum of a number of contributions (28), such as differences in electrostriction in the two media, changes in the density of solvent components when they interact... 

Effect of Ionization on the Refractive Index and Molar Refraction of Amino Acids and Proteins. Since the electrostriction produced by an amino acid does not affect its molar refraction, the ionization of an amino acid might be expected to produce no significant change in molar refraction. Table V indicates that this is the case, provided the large change in the volume of the amino acid as a result of ionization, found by Kauzmann, Bodanszky, and Rasper (23), is used in calculating molar refraction. The refractive index of an equivalent concentration of hy-... 

Long and McDevit s thermodynamic electrostriction theory [44] tries to calculate it from the excess work necessary to put an element of volume of the neutral... 

Calculation shows that most of the electrostrictional volume change due to the electrical pressure exerted by an ion in the surrounding solvent arises in the first shell of solvent around it. The calculated volume changes for typical fields are shown in Table 2.28. 

It is important to be aware of clustering caused by electrostriction in order to understand reactions of ions in supercritical rare gases. If a classical continuum model is used to calculate clustering, the magnitude of the volume change due to electrostriction would be overestimated because such a model ignores the density build-up around the ion. Because of this density augmentation, the compressibility of the fluid near the ion is less and, since electrostriction is proportional to compressibility, the actual electrostriction will be less... 

Dielectric Ellipsoid. The general formulae (328) and (336) permit the calculation of electrostrictive and electrocaloric changes in electric permittivity of a dielectric of arbitrary geometrical shape. To this aim, one has only to resort to the relation between the macroscopic field E existing in the anisotropic dielectric and the electric field in vacuum ... 

Table 18 Aef( ) variations due to electrostriction in dielectric samples of various shapes calculated with the data listed in ref 4886...

Electrons, flow across interfaces, 8 Electron transfer processes. 427 Electrostatic potential, function of distance, from central ion, 242 Electrostatics, and work done, 366 Electrostriction, 185 calculated, 188 and other systems, 190 and volume changes, in water, 187, 189 Eley and Evans... 

Italicized data are calculated from the other two data for that system [18]. Abbreviations en = ethylenediamine and bpy = 2,2 -bipyridine. "Electrostriction contribution. 

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