Electrospinning electrostatic field

Electrospinning is a method which uses a high voltage electric field (10-20 kV) to produce fibers from a suspended droplet of polymer melt or solution through a nozzle. The electrostatic field is applied to the end of a capillary tube where the polymer is suspended. A polymer jet is formed when the surfaee tension of the droplet is overeome by the electrostatic charge. The... 

The electrostatic forces generated by the high electrostatic field can easily interact with electrically conductive liquids. In the case of classical electrospinning a droplet of solution is applied. If the interaction is adequate, the droplet forms a conical shape. This shape is called Taylor cone in honor of Taylor [59] who achieved significant results in the mathematical description of liquid surface formation. 

An extreme example of the microdenier-size fibers discussed above is the nanofibers that are one or more orders of magnitude smaller in diameter. The fiber with diameter at submicron or nanometer level is spun by a process known as electrospinning, in which the fiber is spun in a field involving high electrostatic forces.35... 

Fig. 1 Setup for electrospinning aligned nanofibers using the (a) rotating mandrel, and the (b) parallel plate techniques, (c) Calculated electric field strength vectors and (d) electrostatic force (F) analysis associated with the parallel plate techniques [62]...

Electrospinning uses a high-voltage electrical field (typically 10-20 kV) to form micro- and even nanoscale fibres from a suspended droplet of polymer melt or solution [118]. When the repulsive electrostatic interactions overcome the droplet s surface tension, a Taylor cone is formed and a polymer jet is ejected from the tip of this Taylor cone [119]. The polymer jet is then accelerated towards a grounded collector screen. As the jet moves through the air, a stretching process occurs and the solvent evaporates which results in a non-woven polymer fabric or polymer mat [120]. Electrospinning has already been applied for both synthetic as well... 

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