Electropolymerizable monomers

Electropolymerizable monomers that give rise to conducting electroactive polymers (CEPs) or insulating polymer thin films provide a convenient approach for the immobilization of DNA. More importantly, this method provides an easy means to achieve spatial separation of the ssDNA sequence... 

Collard, D.M. and M.S. Stoakes. 1991. A lamellar conjugated polymer by self-assembly of an electropolymerizable monomer, f Am Chem Soc 113 9414. 

On the other hand, a lot of work has been spent on the synthesis of new electropolymerizable monomers, because not all polymers are chemically accessible, and for getting some special structures the electropolymerization was again the privileged path. 

SCHEME 18.2 The two main ways to covalently link an active functional moiety F to an electropolymerizable monomer. 

Other methods were developed to immobilize MN4 catalyst on the electrode surface since, despite simple, physical adsorption through n-n interactions or SAMs are not adapted to aU electrode materials. Various approaches were then developed for immobilization of monolayers to multilayers of MPs and MPcs, whatever the electrode material. Electrodeposition strategies are particularly attractive since they are applied to any electrode whatever its size or geometry. Electropolymerizable monomers of MPcs were synthesized to get electrodeposition at electrode surface with a better control on the amount of immobilized catalyst. For example, Bedioui et al. [55] used Co(II)-2 to functionalize glassy carbon electrodes with nanometric films of poly-Co-2 ( 50-100 nm). These modified electrodes were shown to be more stable compared to electrodes modified with adsorbed Co(II)-2. In addition, the authors studied the influence of poly-Co(II)-2 thickness on the electrocatalytic... 

Fig. 16.13 Examples of electropolymerizable monomers for the immobilization of biomolecules by entrapment (a), covalent attachment by photografting (b) and affinity interactions (c)...

The ability to switch off and on the electropolymerizability of the monomer 280 with UV and visible light was reported (08JA12850). 

Compound 1216 was then reacted with allylamine in the presence of Et3N to give A, A -diallyl-9//-carbazole-3,6-dicarboxamide 1217, subsequent treatment of compound 1217 with phosgene gave 3,6-dicarboximidoyl dichloride derivative 1218. Ring closure of dichloride 1218 was carried out under basic conditions to give 9-ethyl-3,6-di(l//-pyrrol-2-yl)-9//-carbazole 1219, a relatively low oxidation potential monomer with electron-rich pyrrole rings as terminal electropolymerizable moieties, in an overall synthetic yield of 5.8%. 

The range of easily electropolymerizable, EDOT-derived functional monomers was expanded by bithiophenic molecules consisting of one EDOT and one thiophene moiety. This combination results in electropolymerization potentials around 1.15 V, which is significantly lower than for other substituted EDOT monomers. With the aid of this concept sensitive polyfthiophenes) like tetrathiafulvalene derivatives could be electrosynthesized. - ... 

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