Electroneutrality condition surface excess

When ions specifically adsorb at the interface, the excess surface charge density is divided into three parts, the charges in the two diffuse parts of the double layer, q and q, and the charge due to the specifically adsorbed ions, q° [25]. The electroneutrality condition of the entire interfacial region is... 

When excess supporting electrolyte is present, Laplace s equation can still be used to solve for the tertiary current distribution (mass transport of ions plays a role). In such case the potential field is coupled to the concentration field at the electrode surface [264]. In the more general case of concentration gradients, the solution electroneutrality condition is imposed instead of Laplace s equation (assuming spatially invariant dielectric constant)... 

The effect of relaxing the condition of electroneutrality in terms of the electrical potential of a charged phase must first be considered. We choose a single-phase system containing 10 10 mol of an ionic species with a charge number of +1. The phase is assumed to be spherical with a radius of 1 cm and surrounded by empty space. Essentially, all of the excess charge will reside on the surface of the sphere. The electrical potential of the sphere is given by... 

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