Electron/neutron heating

When a gas is compressed, it heats up. When it expands, it cools. Anyone who uses a bicycle pump knows this. However, it is no longer true for electron or neutron gases at very high densities. This deviation from the ideal gas laws has a catastrophic effect on stars. Moreover, the behaviour of a photon gas with regard to volume changes differs from that of a typical gas made up of atoms,... 

Other techniques previously described for general investigation of tautomeric equilibria (76AHC(S1)1> involve heats of combustion, relaxation times, polarography, refractive index, molar refractivity, optical rotation, X-ray diffraction, electron diffraction, neutron diffraction, Raman, fluorescence, phosphorescence and photoelectron spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. The application of several of these techniques to tautomeric studies has been discussed in previous sections. Other results from the more important of these will be referred to later in this section. 

Bowden Singh (Ref 5) found that when crysts of LA were irradiated with,an electron beam of 75KeV and 200 microamps, an explosion took place, but it was suspected that this expln was probably due to bulk-heating of the sample. In order to prove that considerable heat is evolved on irradiation with electrons, crysts of K nitrate (mp 334°) and also some metallic wires were treated in the same manner as LA. During these experiments, the crysts of K nitrate readily melted and as some metallic wires fused, it was proved that there was considerable evolution of heat. In order to avoid this bulk-heating, Bowden Singh bombarded the crysts of expls with slow neutrons (flux 10 8 neutrons per cm 3 per second). Bombardments of Silver Acety-lide and of Pb, Cd and Li Azides produced... 

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