Electron irradiation amorphous phases produced

The usual heating procedure does not allow the observation of the melting point depression because the unstable amorphous phase will crystallize before Tq can be reached. Pulsed irradiation can avoid crystallization, by passing solid state processes thermally activated. Not only fast heating but also suitable thermal gradients are required. Electron beam [4] or laser irradiation [5] on the backside of the sample produce similar temperature distributions characterized by a small gradient. 

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