Electromagnetic radiation speed

To get the frequency v in centimeters-, the nonstandard notation favored by spectioscopists, one divides the frequency in hertz by the speed of light in a vacuum, c = 2.998 x lO " cm s-, to obtain a reciprocal wavelength, in this case, 4120 cm-. This relationship arises because the speed of any running wave is its frequency times its wavelength, c = vX in the case of electromagnetic radiation. The Raman spectral line for the fundamental vibration of H2 is 4162 cm-. .., not a bad comparison for a simple model. 

Electromagnetic radiation (Section 13 1) Vanous forms of ra diation propagated at the speed of light Electromagnetic radiation includes (among others) visible light infrared ul traviolet and microwave radiation and radio waves cos mic rays and X rays... 

In a vacuum all electromagnetic radiation travels at the same speed, the speed of light c, and may be characterized by its wavelength X, in air or vacuum, or by its wavenumber v or frequency v, both conventionally in a vacuum, where... 

Multiplying the wavelength of a wave in meters (m) by its frequency in reciprocal seconds (s-1) gives the speed of the wave in meters per second (m/s). The rate of travel of all electromagnetic radiation in a vacuum is a constant value, commonly called the "speed of light and abbreviated c. Its numerical value is defined as exactly 2.997 924 58 x 108 m/s, usually rounded off to 3.00 X 108 m/s. 

To explain the photoelectric effect, Einstein (1905) postulated that light, or electromagnetic radiation, consists of a beam of particles, each of which travels at the same velocity c (the speed of light), where c has the value... 

A type of radiation that was not available earlier came into existence and eventually became available to soil scientists. This is the radiation given off by synchrotrons that emit what is called synchrotron radiation (originally considered a waste product of acceleration electrons close to the speed of light). It is described as similar to bright X-rays. This electromagnetic radiation has been used to successfully elucidate the structure and oxidation states of metals in soil and thus their likelihood of becoming environmental pollutants [34],... 

The relationship between the speed of travel of light (or any electromagnetic radiation) through a vacuum c, the frequency of the radiation (v) and its wavelength (A.) is given by ... 

In spectroscopy we study the effect of interaction of electromagnetic radiation on matter. For examples X-rays are produced by bombandment of metal targets with high speed electrons. So the different types of electromagnetic radiation interact with the matter and give different types of spectroscopy. 

All electromagnetic radiation travels at about the same speed in a vacuum, 3.00 x 108 m/s. This constant, c, is the speed of light and is the product of the frequency and the wavelength ... 

Figure 2.3 Range of electromagnetic radiation. All electromagnetic radiation travels at a constant speed of 3 X 108 ms-1 but the energy associated with each waveform is inversely proportional to the wavelength. The energy required for different atomic and molecular transitions is provided by radiation of different wavelengths.

Electromagnetic radiation includes visible light, microwaves, X-rays and television signals. Electromagnetic radiation can be considered as waves that travel in a vacuum at a constant speed of 3-00 x lO m s with wavelengths between 10 and 10 m. 

---