Electromagnetic radiation nature

Section IV). In this way, the properties of photon and electromagnetic radiation naturally arise from flow of momentum in Euclidean space. 

Many classes of second-order material appHcations can be envisioned by noting the sinusoidal nature of electromagnetic radiation and rewriting equation 2... 

Nuclear activation analysis (NAA) is a method for qualitatively and quantitatively detg elemental compn by means of nuclear transmutations. The method involves the irradiation or bombardment of samples with nuclear particles or high-energy electromagnetic radiation for the specific purpose of creating radioactive isotopes from the stable or naturally-occurring elements present. From the numbers, types and quantities of radioactive elements or radionuclides, it is possible to deduce information about the elemental compn of the original sample... 

Studies of black-body radiation led to Planck s hypothesis of the quantization of electromagnetic radiation. The photoelectric effect provides evidence of the particulate nature of electromagnetic radiation. 

So far we have only considered scalar interference, however, the vector nature of electromagnetic radiation can give rise to polarization interference... 

X-Radiation like y-radiation is electromagnetic in nature. It can be emitted when P-particles react with atoms, but is more often electrically generated by accelerating electrons in a vacuum tube. Obviously, the latter source can be switched off. X-rays are extremely penetrating and are merely attenuated by distance and shielding. 

In a vacuum (empty space), all forms of electromagnetic radiation propagate at a velocity of 300,000 km per second, when propagating through air, water, or any kind of matter, they interact with the matter and their velocity is reduced. Differences in the manner of interaction between different forms of radiation and different types of matter generally reveal information on the nature and the constituents of matter. 

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is a technique that, based on the magnetic properties of nuclei, reveals information on the position of specific atoms within molecules. Other spectroscopic methods are based on the detection of fluorescence and phosphorescence (forms of light emission due to the selective excitation of atoms by previously absorbed electromagnetic radiation, rather than to the temperature of the emitter) to unveil information about the nature and the relative amount specific atoms in matter. 

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