Electrolyte microtool vibration

Electrolyte circulation can be improved by hybridized EMM with low-frequency tool vibration [5]. It necessitates the development of a suitable microtool vibration system in EMM for effective micromachining operation. Piezoelectric transducer (PZT) can be used for vibrating microtools [6]. Vibration has hydrodynamic effects on the bubble behavior, which has been utilized for the effective removal of sludge, hydrogen bubbles, and the replenishment of fresh electrolyte. The microtool vibrates longitudinally with the definite combination of amplitude of vibration and frequency of vibration. Vibrations within the machining zone, in the stagnant electrolyte, have considerable influence on the diffusion and convection of dissolved metal ions. 

Ultrasonic vibrations and vibrations with a low frequency have also been used during electrochemical machining with flowing electrolytes but not with microtool fabrications at a stagnant electrolyte. For all those investigations of microtool fabrications, the times of machining of microtools were considerably high. Transient cavitation phenomena result in the increase in the convective mass... 

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