Electrodic hypothesis

If an electrodic hypothesis is to be applied to biological situations, there has to be charge transfer within the solid. It may be electronic or protonic, but there must be a way of taking charges within a solid body from the cathodic sites to the anodic ones. However, the situation in respect to conduction and solid bodies in biology is as yet unclear (see below), though it is certainly more positive than it was before, say, 1970. 

A third approach to experimentation with the electrodic hypothesis in biology mi t be by means of magnetic fields. As the major difficulty is the attachment of electronic conducting wires to the biological systems, it may be possible to replace this by induction of potential differences across the membranes as is done in electrochemical bone growth. ... 

Boukens BJ, Gutbrod SR, Efimov IR (2015) Imaging of ventricular fibrillation and deflbriUation the virtual electrode hypothesis. Adv Exp Med Biol 859 343-365... 

The. more tightly held an electron is. the more difficult it is to remove, hence the higher the electrode potential necessary to remove it. Make the reasonable hypothesis that the electron removed in a one-electron oxidation comes from the highest occupied orbital. HOMO. Using SHMO. determine the HOMO for ben7 ene, biphenyl, and naphthalene. 

Among MC lattice models of the double layer, it is also worth mentioning the work of Nazmutdinov et al. (1988), who used a lattice model involving two mono-layers of water molecules on the surface of an electrode, forming a hexagonal close-packed array. The interaction of each water molecule in contact with the metal surface (assumed to be Hg) was taken from quantum-mechanical calculations. Information was obtained concerning the relative numbers of molecules with different numbers of hydrogen bonds, and it was concluded that the hypothesis of an icelike state of water in a monolayer on Hg is rather unlikely. 

Hypothesize about the pH you would expect to observe at each electrode. What ratio of gases do you expect to observe Record your hypothesis on page 163. 

The work of Kunimatsu and Kita (1987) is very powerful evidence in favour of linearly adsorbed CO being the catalytic poison for methanol oxidation at a smooth platinum electrode in acid solution and has resulted in this hypothesis being generally accepted. However, there is some conflict between the IR results and those obtained by Vielstich and colleagues using chronocoulometry, ECTDMS and DEMS. 

The fundamental working hypothesis regarding the function of these promoters employed by the authors was that the surface of the electrode is modified by an adsorbed layer of the promoter, which then ... 

The authors propose that a major difficulty in interpreting kinetic current flow at the semiconductor-solution interface lies in the inability of experimentalists to prepare interfaces with ideal and measurable properties. In support of this hypothesis, the importance of ideal interfacial properties to metal electrode kinetic studies is briefly reviewed and a set of criteria for ideality of semiconductor-solution interfaces is developed. Finally, the use of semiconducting metal dichalcogenide electrodes as ideal interfaces for subsequent kinetic studies is explored. 

Similar i-E-t relationships are derived theoretically from basic equations (simulation, see Section 1.4.1), on the basis of a hypothesis for the reaction mechanism, and the experimental and the theoretical results are compared. In this way, the hypothesis is either disproved, or proven to be consistent with the events at the electrode. 

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