Electrochemical processes material balance equations

In 1997, a model was developed by Gu et al. to predict transient behaviors of EV LABs during discharge and charge processes [66]. The model not only accounts for the coupled processes of electrochemical kinetics and mass transport occurring in a battery cell, but also considers free convection resulting from density variations due to acid stratification. For the positive electrode, the material balance (Equation 9.169) becomes... 

The theory on the level of the electrode and on the electrochemical cell is sufficiently advanced [4-7]. In this connection, it is necessary to mention the works of J.Newman and R.White s group [8-12], In the majority of publications, the macroscopical approach is used. The authors take into account the transport process and material balance within the system in a proper way. The analysis of the flows in the porous matrix or in the cell takes generally into consideration the diffusion, migration and convection processes. While computing transport processes in the concentrated electrolytes the Stefan-Maxwell equations are used. To calculate electron transfer in a solid phase the Ohm s law in its differential form is used. The electrochemical transformations within the electrodes are described by the Batler-Volmer equation. The internal surface of the electrode, where electrochemical process runs, is frequently presented as a certain function of the porosity or as a certain state of the reagents transformation. To describe this function, various modeling or empirical equations are offered, and they... 

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