Electrochemical Modeling of Electronic Systems

Modeling of electronic circuitry via photochemical and electrochemical systems has received attention in the past two decades. On first examination, a variety of electrochemical systems can be regarded as frequency filters, rectifiers, or amplifiers because their operating properties are parallel to those typical of vacuum and 

FIGURE 9.17 Transmission electron microscopy of tetragonal Vg ovsZi o925O2 coated with a layer of amorphous silica prepared from gels heated at 1200°C for 3 h. (From Domenech and Alarcon, 2007. Anal. Chem. 79, 6742-6751, with permission.) 

The use of molecular switches in solution phase has recently received attention (de Silva et al., 1997). Photochemical logic gates shown AND, OR, XOR, NOR, and INH functionality have been reported, whereas electrochemical storage of information via electroswitchable systems (Katz et al., 2004), electrochemical transduction of photonically or electrochemically encoded information, and electrochemi-cal/photochemical information processing (Willner et al., 2001 Perez-Inestrosa 

FIGURE 9.18 SQWVs for PTA Y-modified glassy carbon electrodes immersed into 

FIGURE 9.19 Schematic representation of (left) a transistor-type amplifier system and (right) an electrolyte-driven PTA Y/benzidine electrochemical amplifier. 

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