Electrocatalysis at Nanostructured Conducting-Polymer Electrodes

An electrocatalytic reaction almost always involves a nonelectroactive species (Z) in the following chemical reaction, which regenerates starting material [79]  

If species Z is present in large excess compared to O, then (17.2) is a pseudo-first-order reaction. To compare conveniently catalytic activity between the nanostructured conducting polymer and the bulk polymer, the key thing is that the amounts of the conducting polymer deposited on the electrode should be equal. The characteristics of the electro-catalytic reaction are related to the electrochemical techniques used. These characteristics are an increase in current density for potentiostat a shift in peak potentials for oxidation and reduction toward less positive potentials and more positive potentials, respectively, for galvanostat and an increase in the oxidation or reduction peak current, or a shift of the peak potentials of oxidation and reduction toward less positive potentials and more positive potentials, respectively, or both for cyclic voltammetry. 

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