Electrical communication chemically modified

Y. Degani and A. Heller, Direct electrical communication between chemically modified enzymes and metal electrodes. I. Electron transfer from glucose oxidase to metal electrodes via electron relays, bound covalently to the enzyme. J. Phys. Chem. 91, 1285-1289 (1987). 

Degani, Y., Heller, A., Direct Electrical Communication between Chemically Modified Enzymes and Metal Electrodes. 2. Methods for Bonding Electron-Transfer Relays to Glucose Oxidase and D-Amino-Acid Oxidase , J. Am. Chem. Soc. 110 (1988) 2615-2620. 

Recent advances in the development of artificial photosynthetic systems, where native enzymes are coupled to photoinduced ET products, have been reviewed. Chemical means to modify bioactive proteins and to establish electrical communication with photoexcited entities have been addressed. Such functionalized proteins can substitute complex cofactor-enzyme assemblies. Finally, the use of heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts, and their functions as cofactor-enzyme models in activation of the substrates and accumulation of electrical charges, have been discussed. 

DIRECT ELECTRICAL COMMUNICATION BETWEEN CHEMICALLY MODIFIED ENZYMES AND METAL ELECTRODES III. ELECTRON-TRANSFER RELAY MODIFIED GLUCOSE OXIDASE AND D-AMINO-ACID OXIDASE... 

Direct Electrical Communication Between Chemically Modified Enzymes and Metal Electrodes ... 

The fundamental cellular component of the nervous system, the neuron, has long, branching, cyllndrlc processes (dendrites and axon) that extend from the cell body. Dendrites are modified for signal reception and transduction and form extensive networks that permit Interneuronal communication, coordination, and integration of nervous-system function. The axon typically is a long extension of Che neuron specialized for transmission of electric signals and, at Its distal end, for chemical communication of Information to other neurons or to muscle at sites termed synapses and neuromuscular junctions, respectively. 

---