Elastic memory composites

Campbell, D., Lake, M., Scherbarth, M., Nelson, E., and Siv, R. 2005. Elastic memory composite material An enabling technology for future furable space structures. In 46th ALAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, Austin, Texas. 

TEMBO Elastic Memory Composites are stated, by the manufacturers, to be a family of thermoset (epoxy) SMP developed by Composite Technology Development Inc., 2600 Campus Drive, Lafayette Co., 80026-3359, USA. 

Arzberger SC et al (2005) Elastic memory composites (EMC) for deployable industrial and commercial applications. In White EV (ed) Proceedings of the SPIE 5762 Smart structures and materials 2005 Industrial and commercial applications of smart structures technologies. International Society for Optics and Photonics, Bellingham. doi 10.1117/12.600583... 

Arzberger, S.C., M.L Tupper, M.S. Lake, R. Barrett, K. Mallick, C. Hazelton, W. Francis, P.N. Keller, D. Campbell, S. Fencht, D. Codell, J. Wintergerst, L. Adams, J. MalUonx, R. Denis, K. White, M. Long, N.A. Munshi and K. (2005), Elastic Memory Composites (EMC) for deployable industrial and commercial applications. Smart Structures and Materials 2005 Industrial and Commercial Applications of Smart Structures Technologies, 5762 pp. 35-47. 

Abrahamson, E. R., Lake, M. S., GaU, K. (2003), Shape memory mechanics of an elastic memory composite resin. Journal of Intelligent Material System and Structures, 14, 623-32. 

Lake, M. S., Beavers, F. L. (2002), The fundamentals of designing deployable structures with elastic memory composites. Collection of Technical Papers - AIAA/ASME/ASCE/ AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, vol., 3,2050-63, Denver, CO. 

Tupper, M., Munshi, N., Beavers, F., Meink, T, GaU, K., Mikulas, M. J. (2001), Developments in elastic memory composite materials for spacecraft deployable structures, IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings, vol. 5, 52541-8, Big Sky, MT. 

Recently, the concept of cold hibernated elastic memory utilising SMP in open cellular structures was proposed for space-bound structural applications [108]. The concept of cold-hibernated elastic memory can be extended to various new applications such as microfoldable vehicles, shape determination and microtags [109]. Recent studies on shape memory PU-based conductive composites using conducting polymers and carbon nanotubes show considerable promise for application as electroactive and remote sensing actuators [110]. 

The ferroelectric materials show a switchable macroscopic electric polarization which effectively couples external electric fields with the elastic and structural properties of these compounds. These properties have been used in many technological applications, like actuators and transducers which transform electrical signals into mechanical work [72], or non-volatile random access memories [73]. From a more fundamental point of view, the study of the phase transitions and symmetry breakings in these materials are also very interesting, and their properties are extremely sensitive to changes in temperature, strain, composition, and defects concentration [74]. 

In the last two centuries, a lot of attempts and discussion have been made on the elucidation and development of the various constitutive models of liquids. Some of the theoretical models that can be mentioned here are Boltzmann, Maxwell (UCM, LCM, COM, 1PM), Voight or Kelvin, Jeffrey, Reiner-Rivelin, Newton, Oldroyd, Giesekus, graded fluids, composite fluids, retarded fluids with a strong backbone and fading memory, and so on. Further and deeper knowledge related to the physical and mathematical consequences of the structural models of liquids and of the elasticity of liquids can be found in Ref. [6]. 

Under normal conditions, the interphase is in the high-elastic state only in the case when its glass transition is below room temperature. The dimensions and composition of the interphase influence the glass transition temperature of the soft phase and of the interphase itself, as well as the melting point of the hard phase. These parameters are in turn decisive as far as the flexibility plateau is concerned. Hence, they influence the range of applicability of this elastomer and its mechanical memory (recovery). 

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