Efficacy biotransformation reactions

Drug biotransformation reactions are essential chemical processes, mainly mediated by enzymes, which lead to the formation of drug metabolites that are excreted from the body. Historically, this metabolism was known as a detoxication mechanism. However, these reactions which govern the pharmacological efficacy of the drugs, may in many cases, also be responsible for toxic unwanted effects. Due to the large variety of chemical structures, drug biotransformation involves numerous and sophisticated... 

Calu-3 cells have shown the ability to perform fatty acid esterification of budes-onide [132], In pre-clinical studies, this esterification results in a prolonged local tissue binding and efficacy, which is not found when the esterification is inhibited [133]. The precise mechanism remains undefined in that the identity of specific enzyme(s) responsible for this metabolic reaction is unclear [134], Assessment of the potential toxicity and metabolism of pharmaceuticals and other xenobiotics using in vitro respiratory models is still at its infancy. The development of robust in vitro human models (i.e., cell lines from human pulmonary origin) has the potential to contribute significantly to better understanding the role of biotransformation enzymes in the bioactivation/detoxication processes in the lung. 

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