Effects on the Types of Ligand Bound

The same effect can make BPh4 a coordinating anion, to the extent that it can even displace tertiary phosphine  

Its use as a counter ion in catalytic studies can lead to catalyst deactivation for this reason. 

These solvent ligands can be quite labile, and, for this reason, the solvento-complexes themselves are often useful catalyst precursors, as discussed in a recent review by Davies and Hartley.  

Among complexes of harder ions, such as those in the first row, the absolute tendency to bind hard ligands such as H2O is greater, yet the same trends mentioned above seem to apply. The vast majority of isolable aquo complexes, for example, bear a net positive charge. 

Anomalous displacement effects can sometimes be seen among classical ligands in ionic complexs. For example, H2 would not normally be expected to displace CO, but rather the reverse. In a cationic system, however, the positive charge on the metal seems to weaken the M-CO bond more than the MH2 system so that H2 does become able to displace CO in a series of cationic iridium complexes.  

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