Effect of Swelling

C. P. Tan, B. G. Richards, S. S. Rahman, and R. Andika. Effects of swelling and hydrational stress in shales on wellbore stability. In Proceedings Volume, pages 345-349. SPE Asia Pacific Oil Gas Conf (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 4/14—4/16), 1997. 

Table II. Effect of Swelling with m-Xylene on the Threshold Tear Strength of PDMS... 

Apatite formation on/in hydrogel matrixes using an alternate soaking process II. Effect of swelling ratios of poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel matrixes on apatite formation. Journal of Biomaterials Science-Polymer Edition, 10, 331-339. 

The effects of swelling on estimates of accessible cellulose have been clearly illustrated by Assaf, Haas and Purves.38 These investigators prepared cellulose ethers by way of thallous ethylate which is strongly basic and reacts with cellulose according to the following equation ... 

Table 5.1 Effect of swelling on the surface area of cotton as measured by chemical (thallation) and physical (N2 adsorption) methods. (Source G.A. Roberts, Accessibility of Cellulose , in Paper Chemistry , ed. J.C. Roberts, ch. 2, Blackie, Glasgow, 1991).

Clermont, L.P. and Bender, F. (1957). The effect of swelling agents and catalysts on acetylation of wood. Forest Products Journal, 7(5), 167-170. 

Fig. 15.7 The effect of swell ratio on foam density and mean cell size for DCP crosslinked LDPE foam...

The effect that compression force can have on the disintegration efficiency seems, therefore, largely dependent on the mechanism of the disintegrant action. The effectiveness of swelling or structure recovery may well be dependent on attaining a compression force that achieves a critical porosity in the matrix. On the other hand, the capillary uptake of liquid, which is a necessary precursor to these mechanisms could be compromised if the tablet matrix is compressed to a porosity too low. 

Ellipsometric measurements with processed photoresists showed a long-time swelling over several days. Attempts to investigate the adsorption after addition of surfactant delivered only an continued swelling. It could not be distinguished between the effects of swelling and of the surfactant adsorption. 

Fig. 10 a Surface tension of the surfactant solution (stars, right axis) and receding contact angle of the solutions (squares, circles, left axis) on a photoresist layer processed at the threshold dose corrected by the effect of swelling, b Wetting tension y v cos 0 calculated from the values given in (a). The dashed line marks the concentration ceff. Above a, the assumed distribution of the surfactant molecules at various concentrations is drawn schematically... 

It must be kept in mind that the data given in Fig. 10 may contain an error due to the correction by the effect of swelling. This correction can only be an approximation since the photoresist might swell in surfactant solutions in another way than in water. It cannot be excluded, too, that surfactant molecules penetrate into the photoresist. 

Theoretical Effect of Swelling, Dissociation, and Aggregation on the Electrostatic Interaction Factor w at SS C... 

Table 12.7 Effect of swell index adjustment through heat aging on the CO-OA environmental crack resistance of HIPS ESCR is measured as the time (in minutes) to failure when exposed to reagent under lOOOpsi stress...

Table 12.11 Study to understand effect of swell index on ESCR (swell index was...

Mathiowitz E and Cohen MD. Polyamide microcapsules for controlled release. 4. Effect of swelling. J. Membr. Sci. 1989 40 55-65. 

To convert the intra(self-)diffusion coefficients (Dseif) to inter(Fickian)diffusion coefficients (Dchem). Zawodzinski and co-workers [64] have corrected the selfdiffusion coefficients they measured for water activity coefficient variations along the membrane thickness dimension and for the effects of swelling of the polymer [87]. The resulting Dchem for water in the Nafion membrane was 2 x lOr cm /s at 30 °C and did not exhibit a strong dependence on water content (however, recent reevalua-... 

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