Effect of Recycle

FIG. 24-24 Effect of recycle on steady-state concentrations of cell mass and limiting nutrient. 5-fold increase in cell concentration in separator. SiiLscripts denote fraction of cell concentrate recycled. 

Georgakopoulos and Broucek (1987) investigated the effect of recycle ratio on non-ideality, both mathematically and experimentally. They investigated two cases from which the bypass case b was completely uninteresting, because total bypass of the catalyst bed could be avoided by feeding the makeup directly to the location of highest sheerfield, at the tip of the impeller blade. For their case a they showed on their Fig. 3. that from a recycle ratio of about 10 = 32 there was no observable falsification effect. This matched well the conclusion of Pirjamali et al. 

Effects of recycling with regeneration cannot be studied. 

FIGURE 4.3 Effect of recycle rate on the performance of a loop reactor. The dimensionless rate constant is based on the system residence time, t = V/Q. The parameter is q/Q. 

FIGURE 15.3 Effect of recycle on a laminar flow reactor. 

S. Bandyopadhyay, N. Mandal, S. Dasgupta, R. Mukhopadhyay, A.S. Deuri, and S.C. Ameta, Effect of recycled dust stop luhricating oil in rubber compounds. Rubber World, 233(6), 20, 2006. 

Shiller AM (1996) The effect of recycling traps and upwelling on estuarine chemical flux estimates. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 60 3177-3185... 

Table 27.3. Effect of recycling the BaCeo 95Pdo o503. catalyst, on yields in Suzuki coupling ...

The incoming water should be pure deionized water. It could contain condensate from the various heat exchangers, or it could come from the water baths following the extruders. Still another source might be the wash water from the centrifuge. In this case the effect of recycled material upon the reaction would need to be determined. Since this would involve laboratory testing, the use of wash water will not be considered at this time. 

Howard, R. C., The Effects of Recycling on Pulp Quality, Technol. of Paper Recycling (R. W. J. McKinney, ed.), p. 180, Blackie Academic Professional, London (1995)... 

Establishing control methods between the solvent extraction and electrowinning circuits, for flow rates, acid concentrations, and effect of recycle liquors on copper purity... 

From an environmental point of view, it is desirable to minimize the amount of waste for each organic transformation. We chose the reaction between benzal-dehyde, aniline, and (1-phenylvinyloxy) trimethylsilane to study the effect of recycling the catalyst solution for subsequent runs. As the corresponding (S-aminoketone was insoluble in acetonitrile, it could be easily recovered by simple filtration. The catalyst solution was recycled for subsequent cycles. Up to four runs could be achieved without noticeable decrease in yield (Scheme 14). 

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