Effect of temperature and inert solutes

These factors shall be discussed briefly below  

The physical as well as chemical interactions of a solute is capable of changing its apparent partition coefficient between a pair of solvents. Therefore, it is absolutely necessary to take this into consideration while selecting an appropriate extraction-system. Craig and Craig have advocated that the partition coefficients 

and Craig, D., Laboratory Extraction and Countercurrent Distribution, in, Techniques of Organic Chemistry, Vol III, I, Separation and Purification, 2nd ed., Weissberger, A., Ed., New York, Interscience 171, 1956. 

The effect of inert solutes, such as calcium chloride, magnesium chloride and sucrose, can also be employed judiciously and efficaciously in the development of solutions to difficult extraction problems by allowing efficient extractions from the water into such solvents as acetone, ethanol and methanol that are found to be completely miscible with water in the absence of salt. Matkovitch and Cristian found the above three inert solutes to be the best agents for salting acetone out of water. It has been observed that the acetone layer that separated from a saturated aqueous solution of CaCl2 exclusively contained 0.32 0.01% water (v/v) and 212 ppm salt (w/w) at equilibrium. 

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