Edematous arterial reaction

That the migration and subsequent deposition of beta-lipopro-tein and pre-beta-lipoprotein into the subendothelial layer lead to the formation of atheroma is today textbook knowledge, but the "how" of this infiltrative mechanism had been an unanswered question (il) until the author (1972). Here, it is noteworthy as shown by us(31-33)that the endothelial cell contraction can also be caused by the hitherto well known drugs and foods that can induce the so-called edematous arterial reaction ( 26) and some of such substances were also shown to induce the contraction by Robertson et al. (23) independently from the author. Such active substances include various vaso-active substances such as epinephrine, norepinephrine, angiotensinll serotonin, bradykinin, etc. or cholesterol, animal fats, and several saturated fatty acids. 

As will be described in detail later, we have been fortunate in discovering the substances that can prevent or offset the said edematous arterial reaction (26) at a relatively earlier stage of our investigation. Pyridinolcarbamate (PDC) is the one which was found to be one of the above "preventive substances (16). This agent (PDC) has been shown to be effective in the prevention of... 

In 1971, we were able to demonstrate the presence of serum beta-lipoprotein in the edematous parts of aortic wall showing the edematous arterial reaction (25,29,34). Namely just a few hours after a single dose treatment of animals with cholesterol, particles like beta-lipoprotein with diameters between 150-250A infiltrated into the intima and further down to the media. The mode of infiltration was such that the particles entered the sub-endothelial space first, temporarily dammed by the internal elastic lamina, then into the muscular layers via pores in the internal elastic lamina, and eventually have been carried away possibly through lymphatic channels (25,29,34). The PDC has proved itself to sufficiently reduce or prevent this infiltrative process to occur (25,34). At this juncture, we were faced upon with the underlying mechanism that can possibly provide an explanation as to why the large particles such as beta-lipoprotein could be transported into the subendothelial layer so rapidly that is almost instantaneous. 

The relationship of edematous reaction in arteries to atherosclerosis and thrombosis. 

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