Ecotoxicity of Ionic Liquids

CHAPTER 14 Ecotoxicity of ionic liquids in an aquatic environment... 

Ecotoxicity of Ionic Liquids in an Aquatic Environment by Daniela Pieraccini, Cinzia Chiappe, Luigi Intorre and Carlo Pretti. Email dpieraccini tiscali.it... 

Alvarez-Guerra M, Irabien A (2011) Design of ionic liquids an ecotoxicity (Vibrio fischeri) discrimination approach. Green Chem 13(6) 1507—1516... 

There is no way to answer this question in a general vray. Since ionic hquids can consist of so many chemically different types of cations and anions this question has to be answered case by case. The magic ionic hquid which meets all requirements in toxicity, ecotoxicity, stability and performance simply does not exist. Up to now there is still very limited information available regarding a full toxicological profile of ionic liquids. However, recently some valuable data have been published [27]. These data were collected for the notification process of the corresponding ionic liquids and represent examples from the most common classes of cations EMIM, BMIM and ammonium (Table 9-3). 

Putz, A. M., Putz, M. V. (2013a). Spectral-Structure Activity relationship (Spectral-SAR) assessment of ionic liquids in silico ecotoxicity. In Kadokawa, J. (Ed.) Ionic Liquids - New Aspects for The Future, InTech, Inc., Rij eka-New York-Shanghai, Chapter 4, pp. 85-126 (DOT 10.5772/51657). 

In this context it is very important to note that new ionic liquids cannot be considered firom a legal perspective as mixtures or parts of already registered cation/anion combinations. The toxicity or ecotoxicity of [EMIM]Q can, for example, not be deduced for registration purposes firom a combination of the data obtained for [EMIM][Et0S03] and [BMIM]C1. This further emphasizes the need to focus the resources for ionic liquid registration on the candidates with the highest probability for large-scale applications. 

Wells, A.S. and Coombe, VT., On the freshwater ecotoxicity and biodegradation properties of some common ionic liquids, Org. Process Res. Dev. 10, 794-798 (2006). 

Filser, J. Jastorff, B. (2003). Biological effects of imidazolium ionic liquids in acute Vibrio fischeri) and WSTl cell viability assays. Ecotox. Environ. Safety, 28, 39b404, ISSN 0147-6513... 

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