E phase transforms

Grady, D.E., Phase Transformation Under Intense Shock Pressure Loading, Sandia National Laboratories Report No. SAND82-1317C, Albuquerque, NM, 5 pp., 1982. 

Ringwood, A. E. Phase transformations and the constitution of the mantle. Phys. Earth. Planet. Interiors 3, 109-155 (1970). 

Blesa, M. A., and Matijevi6, E., Phase transformation of iron oxides, oxohydrox-ides, and hydrous oxides in aqueous media, Adv. Colloid Interfac. Sci., 29, 173 (1989). 

Porter, D.A., Easterling, K.E. Phase Transformations in Metals and Alloys, 2nd edn. Chapman and Hall, New York (1992)... 

However, the ability to predict or map erosion-corrosion relies on including the correct mechanisms and material responses (i.e., phase transformations). 

Fine, M.E. Phase transformation theory applied to elevated temperature fatigue. Scr. Mater. 2000, 42, 1007-1012. 

Sheu S-Y, Mou C-Y and Lovett R 1995 How a solid can be turned into a gas without passing through a first-order phase transformation Phys. Rev. E 51 R3795-8... 

Nominal voltage ratio e.g. 6.6 kV/110 V for two phase or three phase transformers and -transformers 4 times this for line to neutral... 

D. A. Porter and K.E. Easterling. Phase Transformations in Metals and Alloys. Van Nostiand (UK) (1982) TN 690P597 (2nd edition Chapman Hall (1992). 

Grady, D.E. (1986), Eligh-Pressure Release-Wave Measurements and Phase Transformation in CaCOj, in Shock Waves in Condensed Matter (edited by Y.M. Gupta), Plenum, New York, pp. 589-594. 

The secondary source of fine particles in the atmosphere is gas-to-particle conversion processes, considered to be the more important source of particles contributing to atmospheric haze. In gas-to-particle conversion, gaseous molecules become transformed to liquid or solid particles. This phase transformation can occur by three processes absortion, nucleation, and condensation. Absorption is the process by which a gas goes into solution in a liquid phase. Absorption of a specific gas is dependent on the solubility of the gas in a particular liquid, e.g., SO2 in liquid H2O droplets. Nucleation and condensation are terms associated with aerosol dynamics. 

Gurtin, M.E. (ed.) (1984) Phase Transformations and Material Instabilities in Solids (Academic Press, Orlando) (Proceedings of a conference eonducted by the Mathematics Research Center, University of Wisconsin). 

Staunton, B. Ginatonpo, P.E.A. Turchi and M. Sluiter, in Statics and Dynamics of Alloy Phase Transformations , PE.A. Turchi and A. Gonis eds., NATO-ASI series B, vol. 319.Plenum. New York, USA (1994) and references therein. 

Some of the above discussed precursor phenomena are also observed prior to diffusion driven phase transformations. A typical example are the conventional EM tweed images obtained in the tetragonal parent phase in high Tc superconductors and other ceramics. In a recent survey by Putnis St e of such observations it was concluded that in these cases the tweed contrast resulted from underlying microstructures fomied by symmetry changes driven by cation ordering. These symmetry changes yield a fine patchwork of twin related domains which coarsen when the transfomiation proceeds. However, in view of the diffusion driven character of the latter examples, these cases should be clearly separated from those in the field of the martensites. 

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