E Carbon-13 NMR

Pihlaja, K. and Kleinpeter, E., Carbon-13 NMR Chemical Shifts in Structural and Stereochemical Analysis, VCH, New York, 1994. 

Schilling, F. C. Tonelli, A. E. Carbon-13 NMR determination of polyfpropylene oxide) microstructure. Macromolecules 1986,19, 1337-1343. 

Levy, G. C., Lichter, R. L., and Nelson, G. L., Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, 2nd Edition, Wiley, New York, 1980. Pihlaja, K., and Kleinpeter, E., Carbon-13 NMR Chemical Shifts in Structural and Stereochemical Analysis, WCH, New York, 1994. 

Breitmaier E and Voelter W 1986 Carbon-13 NMR Spectroscopy High Resolution Methods and Applications in Organic Chemistry (New York VCH)... 

The spin-lattice relaxation time, T/, is the time constant for spin-lattice relaxation which is specific for every nuclear spin. In FT NMR spectroscopy the spin-lattice relaxation must keep pace with the exciting pulses. If the sequence of pulses is too rapid, e.g. faster than BT/max of the slowest C atom of a moleeule in carbon-13 resonance, a decrease in signal intensity is observed for the slow C atom due to the spin-lattice relaxation getting out of step. For this reason, quaternary C atoms can be recognised in carbon-13 NMR spectra by their weak signals. 

Bodner, G.M., May, M.P., and McKinney, L.E., A Fourier transform carbon-13 NMR study of the electronic effects of phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony ligands in transition-metal carbonyl complexes, Inorg. Chem., 19, 1951, 1980. 

Beck, C.W., Stout, E.C. and Janne, P.A. (1997). The pyrotechnology of pine tar and pitch inferred from qualitative analyses by GC-MS and carbon-13 NMR spectrometry. In Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Wood Tar and Pitch, Biskupin, Poland, ed. Brzezinski, W. and Piotrowski, W., State Archaeological Museum in Warsaw, Warsaw, pp. 181-192. 

Carbon-13 NMR was utilized to study different aspects of the reactivity of the metal complexes as a function of certain structural features in the selected oxocyano complexes of Mo(IV), W(IV), Tc(V), Re(V), and Os(VI) as depicted in Scheme 1 and illustrated in Figs. 1-4. The NMR spectral properties were similar to those obtained from 13C NMR in general, i.e., very sharp lines indicative of fairly long relaxation times in the order of a few seconds. The large quadrupolar moment ofTc-99 (7 = 9/2, 100% abundance) led to a very broad bound 13C signal (Fig. 5), thus excluding the quantitative study of the cyanide exchange by 13C NMR. However, 16N NMR was successfully used instead. 

Breitmaier, E. Haas, G. Voelter, W. Atlas of Carbon-13 NMR Data Heyden London,... 

The hexacyanoferrate(II)/(III) electron exchange reaction is strongly catalyzed by cations such as K" ". However if the K" " is complexed by, e.g., 18-crown-6 or the cryptand [2.2.2] then the rate constant for the uncatalyzed reaction can be determined. Carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy has established that is 240 s (at 298 K), with AVyyJ = —11.3 cm mol Pressure effects on... 

B-79MI20101 E. L. Eliel and K. M. Pietrusiewicz in Topics in Carbon-13 NMR Spectroscopy ,... 

E. Bayer, K. Albert, H. Wikkisch, W. Rapp and B. Hemmasi, Carbon-13 nmr relaxation times of a tripeptide methyl ester and its polymer-bound analogs, Macromolecules, 1990, 23, 1937 1940. 

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