Preclinical trials drug delivery systems

Drug Development Tests are performed on the lead compounds in test tubes (laboratory, in vitro) and on animals (in vivo) to check how they affect the biological systems. The tests, often called preclinical research activities, include toxicology, pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics, as well as optimization of drug delivery systems. Many iterations are carried out, and the leading compounds are modified and synthesized to improve their interactions with the targets, or to reduce the toxicity or improve pharmacokinetics performance. At the end of this process, an optimized compound is found and this becomes a potential drug ready for clinical trial... 

HPMA copolymer-doxorubicin has been widely evaluated in preclinical and clinical studies. It demonstrates marked advantages over free doxombidn control of biodistribution and accumulation via molecular weight restrictions [10,16,35,37,45], biodegradability [16-19,24,25,39,42], minimal immunogenicity [17-19, 25,38-44], subcellular localization [15-20], anticancer activity [33-36,43-46,54,55,57], enhanced permeability and retention [9,14,57,58], increased apoptosis [36], lipid peroxidation [57], DNA damage [57], and reduced nonspecific toxicity [14,33-35,43-46]. Recent cKnical trials in the UK provide proof of principle of the enhanced permeability and retention effect for solid tumors and the unique advantages of this novel drug delivery system for the treatment of ovarian cancer. [35,43-46]... 

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