Drug analytical tools

The introduction of 77 as an analytical tool enabled us to identify a significant feature common to several different families of drugs we have investigated ... 

In addition to the above cited typical examples there are a quite a few other drug substances which have been duly assayed by NMR-spectroscopy, thus suggesting the versatility of this technique as an important analytical tool. 

Analytical Tools and Chemometrics in Drug Development Process ... 

Analytical Tools Labeling and Detection of Targeted Drug Delivery Systems... 

Nasir, M.S. and Jolley, M.E., Fluorescence polarization an analytical tool for immunoassay and drug discovery, Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screen., 2,177,1999. 

Yap, K. Y.-L., Chan, S. Y., Chan, Y. W., and Lim, C. S. (2005). Overview on the analytical tools for quality control of natural product-based supplements A case study of ginseng. Assay Drug Deve. Technol. 3, 683-699. 

Mass spectrometry is an indispensable analytical tool in chemistry, biochemistry, pharmacy, and medicine. No student, researcher or practitioner in these disciplines can really get along without a substantial knowledge of mass spectrometry. Mass spectrometry is employed to analyze combinatorial libraries [1,2] sequence biomolecules, [3] and help explore single cells [4,5] or other planets. [6] Structure elucidation of unknowns, environmental and forensic analytics, quality control of drugs, flavors and polymers they all rely to a great extent on mass spectrometry. [7-11]... 

Dedicated applications of capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) coupled to MS are discussed, particularly in the field of drug analysis. Development of other capillary-based electrodriven separation techniques such as non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE), micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC), and capillary electrochromatography (CEC) hyphenated with MS are also treated. The successful coupling of these electromigration schemes with MS detection provides an efficient and sensitive analytical tool for the separation, quantitation, and identification of numerous pharmaceutical, biological, therapeutic, and environmental compounds. 

Square-wave voltammetiy apphed to experiments with a thin-layer electrochemical cell is a valuable analytical tool for determination of small amounts of analytes [46,154-157], e.g., the determination of drugs and species with biological activity [158]. Over the past decades, SWV has been frequently applied to study physiologically active compounds embedded in a thin-film that is imposed on an electrode snrface [78,159]. Moreover, a graphite electrode modified with a thin-film... 

HPLC-MS/MS has been described as the premier analytical tool for drug metabolism participation in the new drug discovery process and has been applied to a... 

As editors we would also like to take the opportunity to cordially thank all authors for their contributions. We hope that the applications collected in this book will give the reader an idea of the capabilities of mass spectrometry when used in the early stages of drug discovery. Considering that mass spectrometry only began to have an impact on early drug discovery in the past decade, we can expect that this process will be further accelerated in the near future by the rapidly proceeding evolution of mass spectrometry as an analytical tool to screen bioactivity. 

Important progress in terms of higher throughput in ADME/PK work was realized recently by wider use of liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS), which has now become a standard analytical tool [26]. Flow NMR spectroscopy has become a routine method to resolve and identify mixtures of compounds and has found applications in drug metabolism and toxicology studies [27]. 

Modeling is an analytical tool that can be used to extrapolate shorter term clinical results, such as days of improved symptoms in Parkinson s disease patients in a study over 6 months, to longer time periods. A model was developed to extrapolate the results of a 6-month trial in which patients received either levodopa alone or levodopa plus the catechol-o-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor entacapone. Comtan (entacapone) is designed to reduce the metabolism of levodopa in peripheral tissue and vessels so that more of the drug is available in the brain at a more constant rate than is seen with levodopa alone. The 6-month clinical trial produced clinical results that allow us to establish entacapone s effect on the OFF time associated with levodopa therapy. OFF time refers to a re-emergence of symptoms prior to the next scheduled levodopa dose. Entacapone reduces the OFF time and increases the ON time of levodopa therapy. 

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