Droplets atomic force microscopy measurement

In the LASC-catalysed reactions, the formation of stable emulsions seemed to be essential for the efficient catalysis. We thus imdertook the observation of the emulsions by means of several tools. Optical microscopic observations of the emulsions revealed the formation of spherical emulsion droplets in water (Figure 13.1). The average size of the droplets formed from 3 in the presence of benzaldehyde in water was measured by dynamic light scattering, and proved to be ca. 1.1 pm in diameter. The shape and size of the emulsion droplets were also confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. 

The stable branches of the oscillatory curves have been detected by means of a thin-fihn pressure balance [461,486,487]. Oscillatory forces due to surfactant micelles and microemulsion droplets have also been measured by means of a SEA [488,489] by atomic force microscopy [463,490] by a light scattering method [491], in asymmetric films [492], in anulsion films [493], and in films containing solid colloidal spheres [437,438,494-502]. Such forces are also observed in more complex systems like... 

---