Drawings dashed lines

Set up the equipment for the investigation. Draw dashed lines on the filter paper, as indicated in Figure A. Cut out the triangular areas between the dashed lines and place the filter paper on top of the watch glass. 

Sometimes it helps to draw dashed lines where you need to make bonds. 

Draw dashed lines between the atoms where you are forming new bonds, and draw squiggles across bonds that break. Sometimes this procedure will help you identify the pericyclic reaction you need to draw. 

The fuel is delivered to the engine by one of two methods recirculating or retum-less. In a recirculation system, as is shown with dashed lines in Fig. 4, the engine fuel injectors draw a portion of the fuel being delivered in the fuel rail, and the... 

Compare the geometry of maleic anhydride+propene, the ene transition state, to those of the reactants (maleic anhydride and propene). Is bond making and breaking occurring at once In particular, is the migrating hydrogen partially bonded to two carbons (rather than being fully bonded to one carbon ) Draw a Lewis structure to represent the transition state. Use dashed lines (.. and to represent partial bonds. 

Draw a molecule of chloroform, CI-ICI3, using solid, wedged, and dashed lines to show its tetrahedral geometry. 

Draw a three-dimensional representation of the oxygen-bearing carbon atom in ethanol, CH3CH2OH, using the standard convention of solid, wedged, and dashed lines. 

Make a graph with an energy scale extending on the ordinate from zero to 3000 kcal/mole and with the abscissa marked at equal intervals with the labels Na, Mg, and Al. Now plot and connect with a solid line the first ionization energies, Ei, of these three elements (see Table 20-IV). Hot Et and connect with a dashed line, E with a dotted line, and Et with a solid line. Draw a... 

FIGURE 9.14 Typical approach force curve (solid line) for a sample which is penetrated by the scanning probe microscope (SPM) tip. Also shown is the force curve (dashed line) when the tip encounters a hard surface (glass) and schematic drawings of the relative positions of the SPM tip and the sample surface as related to the force curves. (From Huson, M.G. and Maxwell, J.M., Polym. Test., 25, 2, 2006.)... 

Before we can talk about drawing Newman projections, we need to first review one aspect of drawing bond-line stractures that we did not cover in Chapter 1. To show how groups are positioned in 3D space, we often use wedges and dashes ... 

Figure 2.14. Schematic drawing of a process with immediate (dashed line) and time-delayed responses to a step change of an input signal.

Figure 1.5 Schematic drawing of structural layer of violet TiCL. Titanium atoms (full circles) are bonded to six chlorine atoms (empty circles) and occupy only two-thirds of octahedral positions vacant octahedral positions are indicated by squares. Chirality (A or A) of some metal atoms are also labeled. Dashed lines correspond to possible lateral cut, later shown in Figure 1.13.

Let us consider what happens when V moves and we perform the operations in Equation (3.1). This is depicted in Figure 3.2. Here we have displayed the drawing in two dimensions for clarity, but our results will apply to the three-dimensional volume. In Figure 3.2 the volume is shown for time t, and a small time increment later, At, as a region enclosed by the dashed lines. The shaded regions Vj and Vn are the volumes gained and lost respectively. For these volumes, we can represent Equation (3.1) by its formal definition of the calculus as... 

To name the reaction, draw a dashed line where the new bond is made, draw a squiggly line across the bond that is broken, and count the number of atoms from the termini of the dashed bond to the termini of the squiggly bond. 

After drawing and labelling the axes, draw in the two sets of lines. The solid lines are lines of equal Paco2 and the dashed lines are the buffer lines. Normal plasma is represented by point A so make sure this point is accurately plotted. The shaded area represents the normal pH and points C and E should also lie in this area. The line BAD is the normal buffer line. 

Just the sample has coordinates in the original row space (defined by the original variables), it also has coordinates with respect to the new PC axes. These can ie found by drawing a perpendicular line from the sample to the principal OKaponent axes. In Figure 4.24, the dash-dot line shows the coordinates of oik sample relative to the two original variable axes, and the dashed line shows e coordinates of that sample relative to the first principal component axes. Ihe coordinates of the samples relative to the principal component axes are tj ally termed scores. ... 

It remains to insert eqs. (4.6) and (4.9) for Ms and to draw actual concentration dependences. This has been done in Fig. 4.3 for various MjMc ratios (numbers below full lines) or MjK ratios (numbers above dashed lines). The smoothed curve of Fig. 4.2 has been used for the ordinate values. As will be seen in the next section, the less pronounced molecular weight dependence of the concentration of the maximum, as shown by the dashed lines according to eq. (4.9) are in better agreement with the experimental results. 

Figure 5-14 (A) Stereoscopic drawing showing two layers of water molecules that form a "spine" or "ribbon" of hydration in the minor groove of B-DNA. The inner layer is shown as larger filled circles water molecules of the outer layer are depicted with smaller dots and are numbered. Hydrogen bonds are shown as dashed lines. (B) Electron density map. (A) and (B) from Tereshko et at.95 (C) Stereoscopic representation of the superimposed electron densities of 101 water molecules observed to hydrate 14 guanine rings found in 14 B-DNA molecules for which high-resolution X-ray structures were available. Positions of 101 water molecules within 0.34 nm from any atom of the 42 guanines are plotted. From Schneider and Berman.94...

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