Disulfide exchange agents

Ates, B., B. C. Ercal, K. Manda et al. 2009. Determination of glutathione disulfide levels in biological samples using thiol-disulfide exchanging agent, dithiothreitol. Biomed. Chromatogr. 23(2) 119-123. 

Protein instability mechanisms have been reviewed by several investigators.3-13 Chemical reactions such as oxidation, deamidation, proteolysis, racemization, isomerization, disulfide exchange, photolysis, and others will give rise to chemical instability. It is critical that when this happens, the denaturation mechanisms must be identified in order to select appropriate stabilizing excipients. These chemical excipients may be in the form of amino acids, surfactants, polyhydric alcohols, antioxidants, phospholipids, chelating agents, and others. 

Evidence, which favors this explanation of permanent set and supercontraction, is that lanthionine and lysinoalanine are found in hydrolysates of wool that has been treated in boiling water. The involvement of disulfide exchange in setting is also supported by experiments in which wool fibers have been set in solutions of reducing agents and by experiments... 

Quinoa, E. and Crews, P, Phenohc constituents of Psammaplysilla, Tetrahedron Lett., 28,3229, 1987. Nicolaou, K.C. et al, Combinatorial synthesis through disulfide exchange discovery of potent psam-maplin A type antibacterial agents active against methiciUin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Chem. Eur. J., 7, 4280, 2001. 

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