Dissociation table

The hydrogen ion probably falls, for a corresponding concentration, between Li+ and Ba++, and the ions of metals such as Ag, Cu, Zn, Pb, and Hi, or the rare earths, have a much stronger catalytic effect (6 ) which is further increased if the dielectric constant of the solvent is decreased by adding organic liquids such as acetone or dioxane 323). The degrees of dissociation (Table XII) and the exchange constants (Table XV) of the cations are also related to their catalytic activity (cf. Section IV,E,/,d). 

Gibbs energy of dissociation, table 293 pKa values of, table 293 strengths of 95-96 Acid -base catalysis 469,486 - 491 concerted 490 of mutarotation 487 Acid - base chemistry... 

NUMERICAL VALUES OF BOND DISSOCIATION Table 9.1.8. , Dissociation energy of OH. molecule... 

The stability of cyanohydrins, expressed by the equilibrium constants iCn for their dissociation (Table 16) [gi,g2], covers a wide range according to the type of ketone. The range is... 

We cannot determine the dissociation temperature accurately from the present simulations this temperature could be deduced only from MD runs with and without dissociation. Table 5 summarizes this information for all the MD simulations of the clusters investigated. 

KCl solutions using cit s/Al s ratios of 1 1 or 2 1 and equilibration times of < 1 h. Data analysis included the consideration of citric acid dissociation (Table 10.1) and the formation of monomeric AP+(a ) hydrolysis products (Baes and Mesmer, 1986). Two chemical models were employed to describe the titration data. One model included Al2(H icit)22 (a ) (Table 10.4), while the other included Al2cit3 (a ) at the expense of Al2(H icit)22 (ag). Although the authors considered the Al2(H icit)22 (zz ) model to provide a... 

We see from the above that when An acid or base is dissolved in water, it will. dissociate, or ionize, the amount of ionization being dependent on the strength of the acid. A strong electrolyte is completely dissociated, while a weak electrolyte is partially dissociated. Table 7.2 lists some common electrolytes, some strong and some weak. Other weak acids and bases are listed in Appendix C. 

The most stable of the diatomic molecules are CIF and ICl at 298 K, IBr dissociates somewhat into its elements, while BrCl is substantially dissociated (Table 16.3). Bromine monofluoride readily disproportionates (equation 16.17), while reaction 16.18 is facile enough to render IF unstable at room temperature. 

Molecules containing one or more multiple bonds may chemisorb without the breaking of C—H bonds (see species 2-4 and 11-16 in Table 4.2), but alkanes can only adsorb dissociatively (Table 4.5). 

NOj, N2O5 and HNO3 will be quantitatively scavenged by natural waters. Nitric acid is a strong acid and thereby fully dissociated (Table 4.9), whereas nitrous acid is roughly 50 % dissociated in hydrometeors. 

Electronmicroscopic analysis of the pachytene nuclei revealed no abnormalities of the synaptonemal complexes in either sex chromosomes or autosomes in all 30 analyzed spermatocytes from four control males (Table 2). Exposure to cat urine led to a significant increase in the number of males with chromosomal anomalies (3 out of 4 males Z2=4.80, p<0.01. Chi-square test). In 12.5% of spermatocytes (4 out of all 32 analyzed cells) abnormal SC configurations were found. (Z2=11.63, p<0.001 Chi-square test). The meiotic anomalies included terminal and interstitial autosomal asynapsis combined with nonhomologous pairing and sex chromosome dissociation (Table 2). 

Deprotonation of the terminal ti -OH2 site weakens the bridging hydroxo- or oxo-groups and accelerates the rates of dissociation (Table 2). The effect is not trivial. This ligand-directed labilization by a stable hydroxyl is manifested in accelerated rates of polymerization, anation, water exchanges, and mineral dissolution. Rates of water exchange from the inner co-ordination sphere of Cr(H20)g to the bulk solution, for example, are a factor of 75 times slower than around the depro-tonated Cr(H2 0)5 (aq) complex. Similar increases are observed for other metals [e.g., 16, 18]. 

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