Dissociation parameter

As for determination of solubility and dissociation parameters it should be noted that this method allows to determine values only if tho potentiometric curve contains the non-saturated solution region. Studies in the wide temperature range are impeded as compared with the isothermal saturation method. 

The equations (2.7) and (2.12) are rewritten in dynamical systems form with variable a , and control parameter p, dissociation parameter D and D = 1 — D,... 

The parameters to be identified are a,d, and b in equations (2.7) and (2.10). Parameter a represents the adsorption speed of molecules while parameter d represents the dissociation speed of molecules. We name a for adsorption parameter and d for dissociation parameter. Parameter b represents the stress generation when the adsorption rate is given. We normalized and set parameter b so that... 

Period for reaching the same position or position to reach in the same period should be measured for the calibration of adsorption parameter. If we hypothesize that dissociation parameter d is fixed to 2.0 x 10 , we can identify adsorption parameter a by only one observation. 

For the purpose of confirming the obtained parameters, the adsorption parameter a was varied from 10 to 10 and studied deformation response. The dissociation parameter d was kept at 10 and bending parameter at 1. Spatially uniform static electric field was applied to the simulated gel for T = 1000 [s]. From Figure 3.12 to 3.15 illustrate final shape of the gel. Trajectories of the tip of the gels... 

In chapter 3, the model was evaluated and examined, which was proposed in chapter 2. Firstly, parameter identification method was proposed based on mechanism. We can identify adsorption parameter and dissociation parameter by observing the deformation response of the beam-shaped gel in uniform electric field. The tip position and orientation of beam-shaped gel is a function of internal state of the whole gel. Therefore, we can identify parameters through observation of the tip. Secondly, the method was extended to calibrate the parameters. Adsorption parameter mainly affects the deformation speed of the material, which also scatters. Two methods were considered in order to calibrate reaction parameter. One is to estimate it by the deformation response of the gel for a given period of time. Another is to do it by the time required to deform into the particular shape of the gel. Thirdly, the resolution was changed to digitize spatial and temporal variables. The convention deformable objects must be modeled with minute elements was broken down. It was made clear that beam-shaped gel whose length is 16 mm could be approximated into multi-link mechanism whose links are 1 mm in length. 

Since electrolytes transport charge in the solid, aqueous or vapor state, it is worthwhile mentioning that the degree of dissociation of a compound added to a solvent can be estimated by the degree of dissociation parameter ai. Electrolytes hereafter are treated as aqueous electrolytes (solutions) unless otherwise stated. In general, if ai < 1, the solution is a weak electrolyte and if cxi > 1 the solution is a strong electrolyte since the compound being added to a solvent completely dissociates into ionic components, such as cations and anions. 

Electrolytes can be classified as strong or weak solutions through the degree of dissociation parameter tti. Thus, if oi < 1, then the electrolyte is weak otherwise, strong if oi > 1. 

The main outcome of this theory is the stable bundle size k that is obtained by minimization oifik). The bundle size can be evaluated as a function of geometric parameters of single rods, vr and Lr, rod density, p, surface charge density, a, surface tension, /, solvation energy, Esoiv and the dissociation parameter, rj. 

T. Michatowski, B. Pilarski, A.G. Asuero, A. Dobkowska, S. Wybraniec, Determination of dissociation parameters of weak acids in different media according to the isohydric method, Talanta, 86 (2011) 447-451. 

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