Discrete state

This expression assumes a system with a discrete level structure for systems with both a discrete and a continuous portion to their spectrum the expression consists of a sum over the discrete states and an integral over the continuous states.) Flere, ifi (v) is a solution of the time-independent Sclirodinger equation,... 

Loop two or more elements where a signal passes between them for measurement and/or control, eg, sensor -i- transmitter -i- control + valve device two or more elements combined for a discrete state condition, eg, block valve -i- solenoid valve -i- actuator -I- limit switches... 

Markov model A mathematical model used in reliabihty analysis. For many safety apphcations, a discrete-state (e.g., working or failed), continuous-time model is used. The failed state may or may not be repairable. 

Discrete states each cell takes on one of a finite number of possible discrete states. 

Operations Op can be seen as operators that can take on a logical integer, analytic (static or dynamic), or hybrid form. With each operation we have associated an integer-valued variable, aj t), which determines the discrete state that the operator takes on with time. 

Clearly, the quantitative description of the discrete state and of the discrete trend must be declaratively explicit, since we cannot perform differentiation at the single points defining the intervals of [a,b. This is a... 

In "pure" CA, each cell can adopt one of a small number of discrete states. However, it is possible to loosen this limitation on the number of states and permit the state of a cell to include the values of some continuous variables. If the simulation was of a reacting liquid, the state of a cell could contain details of the temperature of the liquid in the cell, its direction of motion, the concentration of all chemicals within it, and so on. The state of the cell may also be subject to universal rules that apply equally to every cell, e.g., gravity that pulls cells downward real time, which ages the contents of the cells, moving them toward a dying state or a level of illumination, which affects the chance that they will be photochemically excited, or to local rules, such as a local electric field. 

This sequence of states is a discrete representation of the continuous dynamical trajectory starting from zo at time t = 0 and ending at z at time t = . Such a discrete trajectory may, for instance, result from a molecular dynamics simulation, in which the equations of motion of the system are integrated in small time steps. A trajectory can also be viewed as a high-dimensional object whose description includes time as an additional variable. Accordingly, the discrete states on a trajectory are also called time slices. 

The development of new base elements for specialized calculating devices possessing a large number of stable discrete states. 

Atoms and molecules can exist only in discrete states, characterized by definite amounts of energy. When an atom or molecule changes state, it absorbs or emits just enough energy to bring it to another state. 

The general theory of 4.3 can now be applied, with some modification, due to the fact that the substrate electronic structure consists of discrete states arising from the metal film, in addition to the delocalized band states of the semiconductor. The adatom GF (5.56) can be written as (cf. (4.70))... 

Furthermore, the summation in the second term of (5.59) is over all discrete states with energies below the FL efl and the integration in the first term is over the VB of the semiconductor. 

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