Single-electrode discharge

These protons can be reduced at the platinum ring [59]. The concept of individual current efficiencies for charge and discharge, A and e, for single electrodes will be treated in Section 9. 

Figure 11—7. Enhancement of the lift-off jet velocity as a function of normalized co-flow speed 5l is the laminar flame speed SECD, single-electrode corona discharge USRD, ultrashort repetitively pulsed discharge.

A potentiostat is a controlled electric power supply, which adjusts the potential drop across an active or passive dipole to a desired value. To do this, the device has to measure the actual potential drop and to force currents through the dipole, until actual value and desired value become equal. In electrochemical systems, the interest to keep the potential drop across a complete cell is limited to rare cases, e.g., charging or discharging of batteries. More interesting are kinetics of single electrodes, which means an electric control of the interface electrode/electrolyte. An additional device is needed to measure the electrolyte potential, the so-called reference electrode. As a result, a three-electrode setup is obtained (working, counter, and reference electrodes). Reference electrodes include at least one interface ionic conductor electronic conductor with an additional potential drop which must be taken into account. 

In the middle space remains available fi>r the electrolyzers and their individual feed and discharge piping. Only a li t crane is required to handle single electrode frames or elements. Thus only a light structure for the entire cell house is used. 

Figure 4. Schematics of discharge curves for (a) battery-like and (b) capacitor-like electrodes (c) and (d) are corresponding single-electrode cyclic voltammograms (e) and (f) are corresponding voltammogramsfor a symmetrical electrochemical capacitor.

Figure 2. Typical change-discharge cyde (a) and single-electrode polarization curves (b) of the U,TiS2 /ua04-EC-PC-PAN/U(i- )Co02 thin film cell at room temperature and at a 0.02 mA-cm current density. Derived from reference 9. Reproduced by permission of the Bectrochemical Society, Inc.

This is a transient discrete electric discharge which takes place between two conductors which are at different potentials, bridging the gap in the form of a single ionization channel (Plate 4). Based on light emission measurements of sparks with symmetrical electrode geometry, the energy is dissipated approximately uniformly along the channel. This is in contrast with asym-... 

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