Dipole velocity formula

Dipole length formula, 23, S6-Slt Dipole moment, 465. See also Electric dipole moment Magnetic dipole moment excipicx, 282 excited-slate. 47-48. 132 induced.130 permanent, 130-31 Dipole strength, IS8 Dipole velocity formula, 2, 56-57 Direct reaction. See Reaction 1,4-Disilabenzene, 105-7 Disproportionation, 228-29, 380, 390, 433 Disrotatory. See Elecirocyclic reaction ... 

Fig. 8. Absorption spectra (AB upper curves) and circular dichroism (CD lower curves) of calycanthine (formula in the inset of the figure). The solid lines refer to the experimental spectra and the broken lines to the theoretical curves for the configuration illustrated, calculated by the Pariser-Parr-Pople method using the dipole velocity procedure21,22)...

The scheme of calculation we have outlined has been widely applied to diatomic molecules. In this way the authors of Ref. 107 have obtained formulas for the cross sections of excitation of rotational levels owing to the charge-dipole (for heteronuclear molecules) and the charge-quad-rupole (for homonuclear molecules) interactions. These results are in satisfactory agreement with experimental data at small velocities of the incident electron. 

Finally, there is the general question how far the velocity constant of a reaction (A) depends on the energy of activation, for only where it does so may we expect to find a relationship between it and the dipole moment. Now by the approximate formula k =... 

Considering first the k = 0 limit of (23) this must be equal to the sum of the two rhs terms in (15c) evaluated at k = 0 and, so far, there is no requirement for one of them to vanish. We consider in turn the three possibilities one or other of these two terms vanishes in the limit, and finally neither term vanishes. The term k 6y M(k) will only vanish at k = 0 //M(k) is chosen to be regular at k = 0 if we make this choice we know from the velocity-dipole formula that... 

Recently, the theory of dielectrophoresis was applied to explain the microscopic physics of the movement of pigments in electrophoretic image displays and to prove the discrepancies between theory and measurement [9], Dielectrophoresis is induced by the interaction of the electric field and the induced dipole and is used to describe the behavior of polarizable particles in a locally nonuniform electric field. For example, the phenomenon of the delay time can be explained by the principle of dielectrophoresis. In electrophoresis, when the backplane voltage is switched, the particles on the electrode have to move instantaneously under a given electric field. However, the particles need a removal time which results in a delay time in the switching process. The time constant to obtain an induced dipole from a particle at rest is derived by Schwarz s formula [10] and used to compute the dielectrophoretic force at its steady-state value. The force and the velocity fields under a nonuniform electric field due to the presence of pigments also help to estimate realistic values for physical properties. 

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