Dinitroaniline characteristics

Helling, C. S., and A. E. Krivonak. 1978. Physicochemical characteristics of bound dinitroaniline herbicides in soils. J. Agric. Food Chem. 26 1156-1163. 

A mechanism for these displacements with amines must reconcile the seemingly contradictory observations that these reactions evidence no deuterium isotope effect but, nevertheless, show the characteristics of base catalysis. In the reaction of 2,4-dinitro-chlorobenzene, D, with allylaiuine. A, in chloroform in the presence of m-dinitrobenzene, E, there are at least five separate and distinguishable product-forming steps. Four of the five appear in the rate equation (23) where C is A-allyl-2,4-dinitroaniline, as third-order terms, each of which involves the substrate, the nucleophile and a... 

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