Dilution curve

Fig. 5.5 Acidic buffering of the healthy pig cornea. There is considerable deviation of pH development from simple dilution curve with buffering within the corneal tissue...

Fig. 5.6 Alkaline buffering of the corneal tissue. There is a considerable deviation of pH development from dilution curve, indicating buffering characteristics of the cornea...

Fig. 5.7 Difference of acidic buffering of corneal tissue from dilution curve in water of the same mass. There is a considerable difference between both curves indicating buffering characteristics...

When using directly conjugated antibodies, the dilution should be as recommended by the supplier Overdilution will result in loss of signal and positivity. If nonconjugated MAbs are used, then the appropriate concentration should be optimized from a dilution curve In our experience, a dilution of 1 50 is suitable for both antibodies. 

The experiment consists in the incubation of the labeled antigen (1) with increasing concentrations of MIP or NIP/CP, and (2) with the same set of concentrations but in the presence of a constant concentration of analyte sufficient to displace significantly the probe from the polymer [22]. Each point in the dilution curve should be determined at least by duplicate and preferably between five and ten replicates so that we can obtain not only the optimum polymer concentration for the assay but also an estimate of the standard deviation of the response at each point along the curves. The curve representing the difference (% bound label) of the bound label in the absence and in the presence of the analyte will render the optimum MIP concentration to be used in the assay. Using this approach we have optimized the amount of polymer required for the development of a fluoroimmuno-like assay for penicillin analysis [36],... 

Figure 5.7 Dilution curves for different degrees of retention in a CSTR (Woltinger, 2001).

Figure I 1.7. Variation of viscoelastic scaling factors with gas content for PS-C02 and PDMS-C02 systems. Lower scaling factor values for PS-C02 system, compared with PDMS-C02 system, are due to the closer proximity of the experimental temperatures to Tg of the pure polymer. The top curve displaying results for iso-free volume dilution of high-Mw polystyrene by low-Af polystyrene represents the effect on viscosity of volumetric dilution of high-Mw chains. Viscosity reductions for polymer-gas systems are significantly lower than the iso-free volume dilution curve, indicating that viscosity reduction is primarily due to free volume contributed by dissolved gas.

Figure 3.22 Adsorptive stripping voltammograms of chromium in groundwater (top) and soil (bottom) samples, using cupferron as a chelating agent. Top curve a, response for electrolyte curve b, same as curve a but after spiking 20 pL of the sample (500-fold dilution) curves c and d, same as curve b, but after additions of 0.1 pg/I. chromium 20 s adsorption. Bottom curve a, response for the electrolyte curve b, same as curve a but after spiking 5 pL of the soil extract (2000-fold dilution) curves c and d, same as curve b but after additions of 0.5 p/L chromium 15 s adsorption. (Reproduced with permission from Ref. 53.)...

Serial dilutions of urine samples showed linear dilution curves, and the correlation between expected and measured FSH levels was 99.95%. The analytical recovery also showed a linear curve, and the correlation between expected and measured FSH levels was 99.94% for the standard calibrators and 99.03% for the 3rd International Standard for FSH and LH (urinary). Concordance between FSH concentrations in extracted and unextracted urine samples was high, the correlation being 98.9%. 

Normalized to Ca/ Ca 0.30891 Data used to compute a portion of the dilution curves of Ref. 10... 

The power of this modeling technique might be better appreciated by considering a case of abnormal calcium metabolism, such as fibroplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) The shape of the isotope dilution curves for this subject are notably different in the period of 1-2 days into the study as Figure 5 shows They have a flattening in the first 20 hours that is not... 

Fig. 37. Combustion velocity as a function of inert dilution curve 1, rfnc = 50-90 mm curve 2, dr,c = 1000-1500 mm (Adapted from Maslov et al., 1990).

If the labeled antibody preparation proves to be satisfactory by the above rapid test it is usual to store it prior to its evaluation in an assay. It has been found that a very satisfactory and convenient method of storage is to bind the labeled antibody back onto immunoadsorbent (the appropriate amount required may be judged from the immunoadsorbent dilution curve). The rebound antibody is then frozen in aliquots that contain enough radioactivity to produce a single assay. Since one iodination nearly always provides more label than will be used in subsequent assays, before the preparation of more labeled antibody it is advisable to err on... 

Measurement of degradation. At the end of the incubation period, harvest 0.8 ml of medium from each well and mix this with 10 ml of appropriate solution for scintillation counting aqueous samples. For cells exhibiting degradation activity, the counts released into the medium are proportional to cell number. Subtract B, and express degradation as percentage of Dmax- Compare the relative activity of cell lines using the linear portion of the dilution curve of activity vs. viable cell number. 

In all the measurements carried out in this study, for different ratios of NaDDS NaDOC, the dilution curves (Figure 1) of surfactant solution exhibited a clear break that corresponded with the c.m.c. as determined by other methods. This observation agrees with literature reports (1-11,18). The present data, however, show for the first time that mixed micelle systems also behave the same way as pure micellar systems, as measured by calorimetry. Further, because the aggregation number, N, of NaDDS Is much larger than that of NaDOC (16), Table I, the variation of enthalpy around the c.m.c. region is not related to the size of micelles. 

The use of approximate dilution curves is avoided with m/m calculations. 

Stream-discharge quality trends are usually displayed in log-log plots (cf. Gang and Langmuir 1974 Lerman 1979 Levinson 1980 Hem 1985). Such plots are often linear or nearly so. Figure 8.1 6(b) shows dissolved silica versus discharge for a river in British Columbia (Kleiber and Erle-bach 1977). Theoretical dilution curves based on Eq. (8.33) have been added to the figure. The difference between a dilution curve and data regression line is a measure of the amount of additional dissolved silica contributed to the stream by increased flow. 

Stream composition is a function of stream discharge. What is a theoretical dilution curve How is stream chemistry related to discharge ... 

In the stirred-flow method, time-dependent concentration curves for reactions must be distinguishable from the instantaneous reaction case and from the dilution curve obtained with no solid phase present. 

Plikaytis BD, Holder PF, Pais LB, Maslanka SE, Gheesling LL, Carlone GM. Determination of parallelism and nonparallelism in bioassay dilution curves. J Clin Microbiol 1994 32(10) 2441-2447. 

In this procedure, which is primarily for use with experimental animals, hepatic blood flow is calculated from the dye dilution curves recorded from the hepatic vein after injection of dye into the portal vein near its entrance to the liver. Hepatic blood flow in dogs has been measured with this technique using indocyanine green and correcting for uptake of dye by the liver (M34). It would seem advantageous in this procedure to use a dye that was not taken up by the liver. 

F5. Fox, I. J., Broker, L. G. S., Heseltine, D. W., and Wood, E. H., A tricarbocyanine dye for continuous recording of dilution curves in whole blood independent of variation in oxygen saturation. Proc. Staff Meetings Mayo Clinic 32, 478-486 (1957). 

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