Dihydroxy-nardol

Echinacea purpurea roots have been substituted for a long time with Partheni-um integrifolium. The sesquiterpene esters, echinadiol-, epoxyechinadiol-, echinax-anthol- and dihydroxy-nardol-cinnamate, described as constituents of Echinacea purpurea roots [81], were in fact derived from the adulterant Parthenium integri-folium which was mistakenly processed at that time. Since both species contain different constituents, HPLC and TLC methods have been developed to distinguish them [32]. Parthenium integrifolium is characterized by the sesquiterpene esters (Fig. 10) which cannot be found in Echinacea roots. 

A = undeca-2E,4Z-dien-8,10-diynoic acid-isobutylamide B = undeca-2Z,4E-dien-8,10-diynoic acid-isobutylamide C = dodeca-2E,4Z-dien-8,10-diynoic acid-isobutylamide D = dodeca-2E,4E,8Z,10-tetraenoic acid-isobutylamide 1 = epoxyechinadiol cinnamate 2 = echinaxanthol cinnamate 3 = dihydroxy-nardol cinnamate 4 = echinadiol cinnamate. 

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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ ]

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