Diatrizoate nephrotoxicity

The agents currently used as radiocontrast media are triiodinated benzoic acid derivatives and may be ionic (e.g., sodium diatrizoate) or nonionic (e.g., iotrol, iopamidol). The mechanism of nephrotoxicity induced by radiocontrast media involves both renal hemodynamic changes and direct tubular injury, and these effects are related to the high osmolarity of the drugs (up to 1965mOsml ). 

Effect of urinary pH and diatrizoate on Bence Jones protein nephrotoxicity in the rat. Kidney Int 1985 27 46-50. 

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