Diabetes mellitus type monotherapy

It is indicated in the management of type II diabetes mellitus as monotherapy or in combination. 

Rosiglitazone maleate is a thiazolidinedione that increases insulin sensitivity improves sensitivity to insulin in muscles, adipose tissue and inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis. It is indicated in improving glycemic control of type 2 diabetes mellitus as monotherapy and as an adjunct to diet and exercise and in combination with metformin, insulin, or a sulfonylurea when diet, exercise, and a single agent does not result in adequate glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. 

Type 2 diabetes Rosiglitazone is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Rosiglitazone is indicated as monotherapy. 

Contraindications Diabetic complications, such as ketosis, acidosis, and diabetic coma monotherapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus severe hepatic or renal impairment stress situations, including severe infection, trauma, and surgery... 

Contraindications Diabeticketoacidosiswithorwithout coma, monotherapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus... 

Raz I, Hanefeld M, Xu L, Caria C, Williams-Herman D, Khatami H Sitagliptin Study 023 Group. Efficacy and safety of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor sitagliptin as monotherapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia 2006 49(11) 2564-71. 

In a randomized trial in 74 patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin, plus placebo or amantadine, two developed glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) autoantibodies, but none developed IA-2 or insulin autoantibodies (543). One had an increased titer of GAD autoantibodies during a first sequence of interferon alfa monotherapy, then a further rise during subsequent combination therapy, and finally developed diabetes mellitus after 5 months of treatment. The authors suggested that repetitive treatment with interferon alfa could increase the risk of type 1 diabetes in patients previously positive for islet antibodies. 

Saenz A, Fernandez-Esteban I, Mataix A, et al. Metformin monotherapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005 CD002966. 

Initial therapy choices for hypertension in diabetes mellitus usually include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or an angiotensin receptor blocker due to their well documented renoprotective effects. Currently, angiotensin receptor blockers have less robust data to support cardiovascular reduction compared to other therapeutic choices, yet the data that exists appears to be positive in patients with type 2 DM. Also, diuretics have shown superior results to an ACE inhibitor in the ALLHAT trial. The ADA currently recommends the use of any class (ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, /3-blockers, diuretics, or calcium channel blockers) of antihypertensive medication that has shown benefit in prevention of poor cardiovascular outcomes. Choice of monotherapy may not be important, as an average of two to three antihypertensive medications are needed to reach blood pressure goals. 

It is used as an oral antihyperglycemic drug for the management of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is invariably recommended either as monotherapy or as an adjunct to diet or with a sulphonylurea (combination) to reduce blood-glucose levels. 

National Horizon Scanning Centre. Lina-gliptin (Ondero) for type 2 diabetes mellitus—monotherapy or add-on, therapy. April 2010. 

Preiss D, Sattar N, McMurray JJ (2011) A systematic review of event rates in clinical trials in diabetes mellitus the importance of quantifying baseline cardiovascular disease history and proteinuria and implications for clinical trial design. Am Heart J 161 210-219 Phung OJ, Schwartzman E, AUen RW, Engel SS, Rajpathak SN (2013) Sulphonylureas and risk of cardiovascular disease systematic review and meta-antilysis. Diabet Med 30 1160-1171 Roumie CL, Hung AM, Greevy RA et al (2012) Comparative effectiveness of sulfonylurea and metformin monotherapy on cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes mellitus a cohort study. Ann Intern Med 157 601-610... 

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