Deterrents definition

Definitive assessment of the contribution of PEs to the deterrence of invertebrate predators must await the comparison of the susceptiblity of genetic lines of the same plant species which differ in their ecdysteroid levels and/or profiles [26],... 

Adequate calcium nutrition during childhood and adolescence is thought to bean important deterrent to osteoporosis in later life. A one-year study of 149 girls (8 years old) revealed the effects of consuming a typical diet (900 mg Ca/day) or a diet supplemented with an additional 850 mg Ca/day Bonjour el al, 1997). The Ca supplement was supplied by specially prepared biscuits, juices, and candy bars (rather thar pills) to assure compliance. To view some of the data, the density at the femoral diaphysis increased by 5% (unsupplemented) and by 6% (plus calcium) during the 1-ycar period. The density at the lumbar spine increased by 4% (unsupplemented) and by 4% (plus calcium). The data dernonstrated a dear and definite increase in bone density at some sites, but not at others. This study, as well as others Johnston et al., 1992), tend to show that caicium supplements to children can benefit bones of the appendicular skeleton, but not the axial skeleton. The appendicular skeleton includes the pelvis, arm bones, and leg bones. The axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebra, ribs, and sternum. 

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