Design strategy series reactions

A series of reports by Mukaiyama and coworkers have highlighted the ability of triarylmethyl cations to function as promoters for the aldol addition reaction of enol silanes and aldehydes [27a, 27b, 27c, 27d, 27e, 27f, 27g, 90]. Subsequent studies by Denmark have provided the mechanistic and conceptual groundwork for the design of catalytic strategies utihzing 1-phenyldibenzosuberyl perchlorate 237 and triflate 238 salts as novel carbon-based Lewis acid catalysts for asymmetric aldol addition reactions [73]. 

Gibson, S.B., 1976. The design of new chemical plant using hazard analysis. Process Industry Hazards, Symposium Series No. 47. 135 (IChemE. Rugby. UK). HSE, 1992, Tolerability of Risk from Nuclear Power Stations, revised edition. Pantony, M.F.. Scilly. N.F. and Barton. J.A.. 1989. Safety of exothermic reactions a UK strategy, Int Symp on Runaway Reactions. 504—524 (CCPS, AIChE. USA). Kauffman, D. and Chen, H-J.. 1990, Fault-dynamic modelling of a phthalic anhydride reactor, J Loss Prev Process hid. 3 386-394. 

BASF in Germany operated a number of commercial, electrolytic processes [44, 56, 57] using a strategy based on the availability of a reliable and simple cell design and then noting the chemistry that can be carried out within this cell. In this cell, a series of horizontal carbon disks (diameter 1 m) were stacked with a separation of 1 mm (maintained by polymer spacers) and the electrolyte was pumped outward from the center of the disks. The cell is operated undivided and as a bipolar stack with bypass currents minimized because the stack is not immersed in electrolyte. The cell is well suited to methoxylation reactions carried out in methanol as the solvent. For example, BASF have carried out the following conversions ... 

---